Hilger H H, Carstens V, Behrenbeck D W
Radiologe. 1979 Feb;19(2):43-50.
The causes of heart failure may be classified into three groups, hemodynamic causes, disturbances of cardiac rhythm and conduction and diseases of the myocardium. Accordingly the different causes of heart failure are discussed and the technics for diagnosis reviewed. Particular diagnostic problems are mentioned, which may arise in connection with cardiac echinococcosis, atrial myxoma, sarcoid heart disease and myocardial aneurysm.
血液动力学病因、心律失常和传导障碍以及心肌疾病。据此，本文讨论了心力衰竭的不同病因，并回顾了诊断技术。文中提及了与心脏棘球蚴病、心房黏液瘤、结节病性心脏病和心肌动脉瘤相关的特殊诊断问题。
