Atominstitut, TU Wien, Stadionallee 2, 1020, Vienna, Austria.
Institut Laue Langevin, 38000, Grenoble, France.
Sci Rep. 2023 Mar 8;13(1):3865. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-29970-6.
We report an experiment with neutrons in a silicon perfect crystal interferometer, that realizes a quantum Cheshire Cat in a delayed choice setting. In our setup the quantum Cheshire Cat is established by spatially separating the particle and its property (i.e. the neutron and its spin) into the two different paths of the interferometer. The condition for a delayed choice setting is achieved by postponing the choice of path assignment for the quantum Cheshire Cat, i.e. which path is taken by the particle and which by its property, until the point in time when the neutron wave function has already split and entered the interferometer. The results of the experiment suggest not only the fact that the neutrons and its spin are separated and take different paths in the interferometer, but also quantum-mechanical causality is implied, insomuch that the behavior of a quantum system is affected by the choice of the selection at a later point in time.
我们报告了在硅完美晶体干涉仪中进行的中子实验，该实验在延迟选择设置中实现了量子柴郡猫。在我们的设置中，通过将粒子及其性质（即中子及其自旋）空间分离到干涉仪的两条不同路径中，建立了量子柴郡猫。通过延迟选择路径分配来实现延迟选择设置的条件，即粒子走哪条路径，其性质走哪条路径，直到中子波函数已经分裂并进入干涉仪的时间点。实验结果不仅表明中子及其自旋在干涉仪中是分离的并采取不同的路径，而且还暗示了量子力学因果关系，即量子系统的行为受到以后时间选择的影响。
