Department of Health Service Management, School of Health Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
School of Public Health and Health Management, Anhui Medical College, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
BMC Public Health. 2023 Mar 8;23(1):449. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-15157-1.
Mental health imbalance are the main cause of anxiety, depression and happiness reduction in the older. Self-assessment living standard and sleep quality are both influencing factors of mental health. Meantime, self-assessment living standard has an impact on sleep quality. But there's no research on the relationship between the three, we conducted this study to explore the relationship between self-assessment living standard and mental health and the mediating role of sleep quality among the older in rural areas of China.
Using typical field sampling method, M County, Anhui Province was selected as the investigation site, and a total of 1223 respondents were selected. With the help of questionnaires enclosing respondents' sociodemographics information, 12 Items General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Scale (PSQI), face-to-face interviews were used to collect data. Bootstrap test was used for data analysis.
The results showed that the age of the respondents ranged from 60 to 99 years, with an average age of (66.53 ± 6.77) years, the proportion of the older with a tendency to mental health problems was 24.7%. Most of the older people's self-assessment living standard was normal (average score was 2.89 ± 0.726), accounting for 59.3% of the total. The average sleep quality score was (6.97 ± 4.066), and 2.5% of the respondents reported serious sleep problems. older with low self- assessment living standards were more likely to report a higher propensity for psychological problems (β = 0.420, P < 0.001) and poorer sleep quality (β = 0.608, P < 0.001) than older with high self- assessment living standards. Mental health of the older may be related to sleep quality (β = 0.117, P < 0.001). In addition, the effect of self- assessment living standard on mental health was significantly mediated by sleep quality (β = 0.071, P < 0.001).
Mental health is associated with self-assessment living standard, with this association mediated by sleep quality. A reasonable mechanism needs to be established to improve self-assessment living standard and sleep quality.
心理健康失衡是老年人焦虑、抑郁和幸福感降低的主要原因。自评生活水平和睡眠质量都是心理健康的影响因素。同时，自评生活水平对睡眠质量有影响。但是，目前还没有关于这三者之间关系的研究，我们进行这项研究是为了探讨农村老年人自评生活水平与心理健康之间的关系，以及睡眠质量在其中的中介作用。
采用典型现场抽样方法，选择安徽省 M 县作为调查地点，共选取 1223 名受访者。在调查问卷的帮助下，问卷包含受访者的社会人口统计学信息、12 项一般健康问卷（GHQ-12）和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI），通过面对面访谈收集数据。采用 Bootstrap 检验进行数据分析。
结果显示，受访者的年龄在 60 至 99 岁之间，平均年龄为（66.53±6.77）岁，有心理问题倾向的老年人比例为 24.7%。大多数老年人的自评生活水平正常（平均得分为 2.89±0.726），占总数的 59.3%。平均睡眠质量评分为（6.97±4.066），有 2.5%的受访者报告存在严重的睡眠问题。自评生活水平低的老年人更有可能报告较高的心理问题倾向（β=0.420，P<0.001）和较差的睡眠质量（β=0.608，P<0.001），而自评生活水平高的老年人则较少出现这些问题。老年人的心理健康可能与睡眠质量有关（β=0.117，P<0.001）。此外，自评生活水平对心理健康的影响可被睡眠质量显著中介（β=0.071，P<0.001）。
心理健康与自评生活水平有关，这种关系通过睡眠质量中介。需要建立合理的机制来提高自评生活水平和睡眠质量。
