Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China.
School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang, 110016, China.
Small. 2023 Jun;19(24):e2206000. doi: 10.1002/smll.202206000. Epub 2023 Mar 9.
Li metal anode is promising to achieve high-energy-density battery. However, it has rapid capacity fading due to the generation of inactive Li (dead Li), especially at high current density. This study reveals that the random distribution of Li nuclei leads to large uncertainty for the further growth behavior on Cu foil. Here, periodical regulation of Li nucleation sites on Cu foil by ordered lithiophilic micro-grooves is proposed to precisely manipulate the Li deposition morphology. The management of Li deposits in the lithiophilic grooves can induce high pressure on the Li particles, leading to the formation of dense Li structure and smooth surface without dendrite growth. Li deposits comprising tightly packed large Li particles largely reduce the side reaction and the generation of isolated metallic Li at high current density. Less dead Li accumulating on the substrate significantly prolongs the cycling life of full cells with limited Li inventory. The precise manipulation of the Li deposition on Cu is promising for high-energy and stable Li metal batteries.
锂金属阳极有望实现高能量密度电池。然而，由于不活跃的锂（死锂）的产生，特别是在高电流密度下，其容量迅速衰减。本研究表明，锂核的随机分布导致在铜箔上进一步生长行为具有很大的不确定性。在这里，通过有序的亲锂微槽周期性地调节锂成核位点，以精确控制锂的沉积形态。亲锂槽内的锂沉积管理可以在锂颗粒上产生高压，导致形成致密的锂结构和光滑的表面，而不会产生枝晶生长。由紧密堆积的大颗粒锂组成的锂沉积物可以大大减少高电流密度下的副反应和孤立金属锂的生成。在有限的锂储量下，在基底上积累的死锂更少，显著延长了全电池的循环寿命。对铜上锂沉积的精确控制有望实现高能稳定的锂金属电池。
