Peng Ying, Xie Yongshuai, Deng Zhezhe, Ma Dehua, Liu Benxue, Wang Xinqiang, Zhang Guanghui, Zhu Luyi
State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Institute of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China.
National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2023 Mar 22;15(11):14835-14845. doi: 10.1021/acsami.3c00263. Epub 2023 Mar 9.
The inherent brittleness and hydrophilicity of ceramics pose a great challenge to designing a reliable structure that can resist mechanical loads and moisture in extreme conditions with high temperature and high humidity. Here, we report a two-phase hydrophobic silica-zirconia composite ceramic nanofiber membrane (H-ZSNFM) with exceptional mechanical robustness and high-temperature hydrophobic resistance. For the dual-phasic nanofibers, the amorphous silica blocked the connection of zirconia nanocrystals, and the lattice distortion was observed due to Si in the ZrO lattice. H-ZSNFM has strong strength (5-8.4 MPa), high hydrophobic temperature resistance (450 °C), high porosity (89%), low density (40 mg/cm), low thermal conductivity (30 mW/m·K), and excellent thermal radiation reflectivity (90%). By simulating the actual high-temperature and high-humidity environment, 10-mm-thick H-ZSNFMs can reduce the heat source from 1365 to 380 °C and maintain complete hydrophobicity even in a water vapor environment of 350 °C. This means that it has superior insulation and waterproof performance even in a high-temperature water environment. For firefighting clothing, H-ZSNFM displayed waterproof and insulation layers, which have excellent thermal protection performance and achieve incompatibility between water and fire, providing valuable time for fire rescue and a safety line of defense for emergency personnel. This design strategy with mechanical robust and hydrophobic temperature resistance applies to the development of many other types of high-performance thermal insulation materials and presents a competitive material system for thermal protection in extreme conditions.
陶瓷固有的脆性和亲水性对设计一种可靠的结构构成了巨大挑战，这种结构需要在高温高湿的极端条件下抵抗机械载荷和水分。在此，我们报道了一种具有卓越机械强度和耐高温疏水性的两相疏水二氧化硅-氧化锆复合陶瓷纳米纤维膜（H-ZSNFM）。对于双相纳米纤维，无定形二氧化硅阻断了氧化锆纳米晶体的连接，并且由于ZrO晶格中的Si观察到晶格畸变。H-ZSNFM具有高强度（5-8.4MPa）、高疏水耐温性（450°C）、高孔隙率（89%）、低密度（40mg/cm）、低导热率（30mW/m·K）以及优异的热辐射反射率（90%）。通过模拟实际的高温高湿环境，10毫米厚的H-ZSNFM可以将热源温度从1365°C降低到380°C，并且即使在350°C的水蒸气环境中也能保持完全疏水。这意味着它即使在高温水环境中也具有卓越的隔热和防水性能。对于消防服，H-ZSNFM展现出防水和隔热层，具有优异的热防护性能，实现水火不相容，为火灾救援提供宝贵时间并为应急人员提供安全防线。这种具有机械强度和疏水耐温性的设计策略适用于许多其他类型高性能隔热材料的开发，并为极端条件下的热防护提供了一种有竞争力的材料体系。
