Marchetti Daniela, Santoro Luca, Mercuri Giulia
Department of Health Care Surveillance and Bioethics, Section of Legal Medicine, Università Cattolica del S. Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.
Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.
Forensic Sci Med Pathol. 2024 Mar;20(1):261-267. doi: 10.1007/s12024-023-00603-8. Epub 2023 Mar 9.
The "facie sympathique" is a vital sign first described by Etienne Martin in 1899 referring to unilateral miosis, with or without ptosis, at the opposite side from the knot in hanging. This mark is scarcely reported in legal medicine textbooks and scientific papers. Moreover, when cited, it is referred to differently from its original meaning, both as unilateral contraction (miosis) and dilatation (mydriasis) of the pupil depending on the antemortem firmness of the ligature's neck pressure in hanging with little attention to ptosis. Due to the sympathetic nervous pathway supplying the eye, the review of this ocular sign in hanging supports the importance of revitalizing the "facie sympathique" in research on lesion vitality in mechanical asphyxia.
“交感面容”是一种生命体征，由艾蒂安·马丁于1899年首次描述，指的是在缢吊时，与绳结相对侧出现的单侧瞳孔缩小，可伴有或不伴有上睑下垂。这一征象在法医学教科书和科学论文中鲜有报道。此外，当被引用时，其含义与原意不同，根据缢吊时绳索颈部压迫的生前强度，既被指单侧瞳孔收缩（瞳孔缩小），也被指单侧瞳孔扩大（瞳孔散大），而上睑下垂很少受到关注。由于供应眼睛的交感神经通路，对缢吊中这种眼部征象的回顾支持了在机械性窒息损伤活力研究中重振“交感面容”的重要性。
