Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China.
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China; Shenzhen Baoan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China.
J Nutr. 2023 Feb;153(2):562-568. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2022.12.018. Epub 2022 Dec 26.
Breastfeeding has numerous effects on maternal and child health. The effect of breastfeeding on infant sleep remains inconclusive.
We aimed to examine whether full breastfeeding (FBF) during the first 3 mo is associated with longitudinal infant sleep trajectories in their first 2 y of life.
The study was embedded in the Tongji Maternal and Child Health Cohort study. Information on infant feeding practices was collected at 3 mo of age, and maternal/child pairs were assigned to the FBF or the non-FBF group (including partially breastfeeding and exclusive formula feeding) on the basis of feeding practices during the first 3 mo of life. Sleep data of infants were obtained at 3, 6, 12, and 24 mo. Total, night, and day sleep trajectories across 3 to 24 mo were estimated with group-based models. Each sleep trajectory was differentiated on the basis of sleep duration at 3 mo (long/moderate/short) and the interval from 6 to 24 mo (moderate/short). Multinomial logistic regression was used to investigate the association of breastfeeding practices with infant sleep trajectories.
Among the 4056 infants studied, 2558 (63.1%) received FBF for 3 mo. When compared with FBF infants, non-FBF infants had shorter sleep duration at 3, 6, and 12 mo (P < 0.01). Non-FBF infants were more likely to experience Moderate-Short (OR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.61) and Short-Short (OR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.12, 2.16) total sleep trajectories and more likely to experience Moderate-Short (OR: 1.84; 95% CI: 1.22, 2.77), and Short-Moderate (OR: 1.40; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.85) night sleep trajectories than FBF infants.
Full breastfeeding for ≥3 mo were positively associated with longer infant sleep duration. Infants fully breastfed were more likely to experience better sleep trajectories characterized by longer duration in their first 2 y of life. Full breastfeeding may benefit infants through healthy sleep.
母乳喂养对母婴健康有诸多影响。母乳喂养对婴儿睡眠的影响仍不确定。
本研究旨在探讨婴儿在生命的头 2 年内，前 3 个月是否完全母乳喂养（FBF）与纵向婴儿睡眠轨迹之间的关系。
本研究嵌入了同济母婴健康队列研究。在 3 个月大时收集婴儿喂养方式的信息，并根据前 3 个月的喂养方式，将母婴配对分为 FBF 或非 FBF 组（包括部分母乳喂养和纯配方奶喂养）。在 3、6、12 和 24 个月时获得婴儿的睡眠数据。使用基于群组的模型估计 3 至 24 个月的总睡眠、夜间睡眠和日间睡眠轨迹。根据 3 个月时的睡眠时间（长/中/短）和 6 至 24 个月时的间隔（中/短）将每个睡眠轨迹进行区分。使用多项逻辑回归来研究母乳喂养方式与婴儿睡眠轨迹的关系。
在 4056 名研究的婴儿中，有 2558 名（63.1%）在 3 个月时接受了 FBF。与 FBF 婴儿相比，非 FBF 婴儿在 3、6 和 12 个月时的睡眠时间更短（P < 0.01）。非 FBF 婴儿更有可能经历中-短（OR：1.31；95%CI：1.06，1.61）和短-短（OR：1.56；95%CI：1.12，2.16）总睡眠轨迹，并且更有可能经历中-短（OR：1.84；95%CI：1.22，2.77）和短-中（OR：1.40；95%CI：1.06，1.85）夜间睡眠轨迹，而非 FBF 婴儿（P < 0.01）。
≥3 个月的完全母乳喂养与婴儿睡眠时间延长呈正相关。完全母乳喂养的婴儿在生命的头 2 年中更有可能经历更好的睡眠轨迹，表现为睡眠时间更长。母乳喂养可能通过健康睡眠使婴儿受益。
