Department of Environment and Biodiversity, Salzburg University, Hellbrunnerstrasse 34, A-5020, Salzburg, Austria; Department of Mineralogy, Universalmuseum Joanneum, Weinzöttlstrasse 16, A-8045, Graz, Austria; Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, 405 Atomiștilor Street, Măgurele 077125, Romania.
Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5276, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; Institut Universitaire de France, 103 Boulevard, Saint-Michel, 75005 Paris, France.
Chemosphere. 2023 May;324:138258. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138258. Epub 2023 Mar 9.
Deep-sea hydrothermal vent communities, revealing patterns of niche partitioning, live in a limited area characterised by sharp physico-chemical gradients. In this study, we investigated carbon, sulfur, nitrogen stable isotopes as well as arsenic (As) speciations and concentrations for two snails (Alviniconcha sp. and Ifremeria nautilei) and a crustacean, (Eochionelasmus ohtai manusensis), occupying distinct niches in the hydrothermal vent field of the Vienna Woods, Manus Basin, Western Pacific. δC values of Alviniconcha sp. (foot), I. nautilei (foot and chitin) and E. o. manusensis (soft tissue) are similar, from -28 to -33‰ (V-PDB). The δN values of Alviniconcha sp. (foot and chitin), I. nautilei (foot and chitin) and E. o. manusensis (soft tissue) range from 8.4 to 10.6‰. The δS values of Alviniconcha sp. (foot and chitin), I. nautilei (foot) and E. o. manusensis (soft tissue) range from 5.9 to 11.1‰. Using stable isotopes, for the first time, we inferred a Calvin-Benson (RuBisCo) metabolic pathway for Alviniconcha sp. along with the presence of γ-Proteobacteria symbionts for the Vienna Woods communities. For I. nautilei, a feeding pattern is proposed with γ-Proteobacteria symbiosis and a Calvin-Benson-Bassham diet with mixotrophic feeding. E. ohtai manusensis is filtering bacteria with a CBB feeding strategy, with δN values indicating possible higher position in the trophic chain. Arsenic concentrations in the dry tissue of Alviniconcha (foot), I. nautilei (foot) and E. o. manusensis (soft tissue) are high, from 4134 to 8478 μg/g, with inorganic As concentrations of 607, 492 and 104 μg/g, respectively and dimethyl arsenic (DMA) concentrations of 11.12, 0.25 and 11.2 μg/g, respectively. Snails occurring in a vent proximal position have higher As concentration than barnacles, a pattern not observed for S concentrations. Arsenosugars were not put in evidence indicating that the available organic material for the vent organisms are not surface derived.
深海热液喷口群落展示了生态位分化的模式，它们生活在一个以剧烈的物理化学梯度为特征的有限区域内。在这项研究中，我们调查了两种蜗牛（Alviniconcha sp. 和 Ifremeria nautilei）和一种甲壳类动物（Eochionelasmus ohtai manusensis）的碳、硫、氮稳定同位素以及砷（As）形态和浓度，它们在西太平洋马努斯盆地维也纳森林热液喷口场中占据不同的生态位。Alviniconcha sp.（足部）、I. nautilei（足部和几丁质）和 E. o. manusensis（软组织）的 δC 值相似，在-28 到-33‰（V-PDB）之间。Alviniconcha sp.（足部和几丁质）、I. nautilei（足部和几丁质）和 E. o. manusensis（软组织）的 δN 值范围为 8.4 到 10.6‰。Alviniconcha sp.（足部和几丁质）、I. nautilei（足部）和 E. o. manusensis（软组织）的 δS 值范围在 5.9 到 11.1‰之间。通过稳定同位素，我们首次推断出 Alviniconcha sp. 沿 Calvin-Benson（RuBisCo）代谢途径，维也纳森林群落存在 γ-变形菌共生体。对于 I. nautilei，提出了一种以 γ-变形菌共生体和 Calvin-Benson-Bassham 饮食为主的混合营养喂养模式。E. ohtai manusensis 通过 CBB 喂养策略过滤细菌，其 δN 值表明其在食物链中可能处于较高位置。Alviniconcha（足部）、I. nautilei（足部）和 E. o. manusensis（软组织）干组织中的砷浓度很高，分别为 4134 到 8478μg/g，无机砷浓度分别为 607、492 和 104μg/g，二甲基砷（DMA）浓度分别为 11.12、0.25 和 11.2μg/g。位于喷口近端的蜗牛的砷浓度高于藤壶，而硫浓度则没有出现这种模式。没有发现砷糖的证据，这表明喷口生物的可用有机物质不是源自表面。
