Herrero-Montes Manuel, Fernández-de-Las-Peñas César, Ferrer-Pargada Diego, Izquierdo-Cuervo Sheila, Abascal-Bolado Beatriz, Valera-Calero Juan Antonio, Paras-Bravo Paula
Departamento de Enfermería, Universidad de Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain.
Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Grupo de Investigación en Enfermería, 39005 Santander, Spain.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2023 Feb 23;13(5):847. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics13050847.
Pain symptoms after the acute phase of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) are present in almost 50% of COVID-19 survivors. The presence of kinesiophobia is a risk factor which may promote and perpetuate pain. This study aimed to investigate variables associated with the presence of kinesiophobia in a sample of previously hospitalized COVID-19 survivors exhibiting post-COVID pain. An observational study was conducted in three urban hospitals in Spain, including one hundred and forty-six COVID-19 survivors with post-COVID pain. Demographic (age, weight, height), clinical (intensity and duration of pain), psychological (anxiety level, depressive level, sleep quality), cognitive (catastrophizing), sensitization-associated symptoms, and health-related quality of life variables were collected in 146 survivors with post-COVID pain, as well as whether they exhibited kinesiophobia. Stepwise multiple linear regression models were conducted to identify variables significantly associated with kinesiophobia. Patients were assessed a mean of 18.8 (SD 1.8) months after hospital discharge. Kinesiophobia levels were positively associated with anxiety levels (r: 0.356, < 0.001), depression levels (r: 0.306, < 0.001), sleep quality (r: 0.288, < 0.001), catastrophism (r: 0.578, < 0.001), and sensitization-associated symptoms (r: 0.450, < 0.001). The stepwise regression analysis revealed that 38.1% of kinesiophobia variance was explained by catastrophism (r adj: 0.329, 0.416, t = 8.377, < 0.001) and sensitization-associated symptoms (r adj: 0.381, 0.130, t = 3.585, < 0.001). Kinesiophobia levels were associated with catastrophism and sensitization-associated symptoms in previously hospitalized COVID-19 survivors with post-COVID pain. Identification of patients at a higher risk of developing a higher level of kinesiophobia, associated with post-COVID pain symptoms, could lead to better therapeutic strategies.
在严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）急性期过后，近50%的新冠病毒病（COVID-19）幸存者存在疼痛症状。运动恐惧的存在是一个风险因素，可能会促使疼痛加剧并持续存在。本研究旨在调查在出现新冠后疼痛的既往住院COVID-19幸存者样本中，与运动恐惧存在相关的变量。在西班牙的三家城市医院进行了一项观察性研究，纳入了146名有新冠后疼痛的COVID-19幸存者。收集了146名有新冠后疼痛的幸存者的人口统计学信息（年龄、体重、身高）、临床信息（疼痛强度和持续时间）、心理信息（焦虑水平、抑郁水平、睡眠质量）、认知信息（灾难化思维）、致敏相关症状以及健康相关生活质量变量，以及他们是否表现出运动恐惧。进行逐步多元线性回归模型以确定与运动恐惧显著相关的变量。患者在出院后平均18.8（标准差1.8）个月接受评估。运动恐惧水平与焦虑水平（r：0.356，<0.001）、抑郁水平（r：0.306，<0.001）、睡眠质量（r：0.288，<0.001）、灾难化思维（r：0.578，<0.001）和致敏相关症状（r：0.450，<0.001）呈正相关。逐步回归分析显示，38.1%的运动恐惧变异可由灾难化思维（调整后r：0.329，<0.416，t = 8.377，<0.001）和致敏相关症状（调整后r：0.381，<0.130，t = 3.585，<0.001）解释。在有新冠后疼痛的既往住院COVID-19幸存者中，运动恐惧水平与灾难化思维和致敏相关症状有关。识别出有更高运动恐惧水平风险且与新冠后疼痛症状相关的患者，可能会带来更好的治疗策略。
