College of Ecological Environment and Urban Construction, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350118, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Mar 3;20(5):4525. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20054525.
The main purpose of this study was to determine the natural radioactivity level of raw radionuclides in the metal tailings of a mine in Lhasa, Tibet, and to conduct sampling and detection in 17 typical metal tailing mines in Lhasa, Tibet. The specific activity concentrations of Ra, Th, and K in the samples were calculated. The total αβχγ radiation, radon concentration, and outdoor absorbed dose rate in the air 1.0 m above the ground were measured. The γ radiation levels affecting miners and their surrounding residents were assessed. The results show that the radiation dose ranges from 0.08 μSv/h to 0.26 μSv/h, and the radon concentration ranges from 10.8 Bq/m to 29.6 Bq/m, which does not exceed the national radiation-related standards, and the environmental hazard risk is low. The specific activity concentration of Ra ranged from 8.91 Bq/kg to 94.61 Bq/kg, the specific activity concentration of Th ranged from 2.90 Bq/kg to 89.62 Bq/kg, and the specific activity concentration of K was less than MDA to 762.89 Bq/kg. The average absorbed dose rate (DO) of the 17 mining areas was 39.82 nGy/h, the average annual effective dose rate (EO) was 0.057 mSv/y. The average external risk index of the 17 mining areas was 0.24, the average internal risk index was 0.34, and the average γ index was 0.31, all of which were less than the maximum permissible limit. This means that the metal tailings from all 17 mining areas were within the limit for γ radiation and, therefore, can be used in bulk as major building materials without posing a significant radiation threat to the residents of the study area.
本研究的主要目的是测定西藏拉萨某矿山金属尾矿中天然放射性核素的活度水平，并对拉萨市 17 个典型金属尾矿库进行采样检测。计算了样品中 Ra、Th、K 的比活度浓度。测量了距地面 1.0 m 处的总αβχγ辐射、氡浓度和室外空气吸收剂量率。评估了影响矿工及其周围居民的γ辐射水平。结果表明，辐射剂量范围为 0.08 μSv/h 至 0.26 μSv/h，氡浓度范围为 10.8 Bq/m 至 29.6 Bq/m，均未超过国家相关辐射标准，环境危害风险较低。Ra 的比活度浓度范围为 8.91 Bq/kg 至 94.61 Bq/kg，Th 的比活度浓度范围为 2.90 Bq/kg 至 89.62 Bq/kg，K 的比活度浓度小于 MDA 至 762.89 Bq/kg。17 个矿区的平均吸收剂量率（DO）为 39.82 nGy/h，平均年有效剂量率（EO）为 0.057 mSv/y。17 个矿区的平均外照射指数为 0.24，平均内照射指数为 0.34，平均γ指数为 0.31，均小于最大允许限值。这意味着 17 个矿区的金属尾矿的γ辐射均在限值内，因此可作为主要建筑材料大量使用，不会对研究区居民造成显著的辐射威胁。
