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脉冲压缩技术在高温碳钢锻件斜 SV 波电磁超声检测中的应用。

Application of Pulse Compression Technique in High-Temperature Carbon Steel Forgings Crack Detection with Angled SV-Wave EMATs.

机构信息

Key Laboratory of Non-Destructive Testing, Ministry of Education, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China.

State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.

出版信息

Sensors (Basel). 2023 Mar 1;23(5):2685. doi: 10.3390/s23052685.

DOI:10.3390/s23052685
PMID:36904887
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10007273/
Abstract

In order to solve the difficulty in localization and poor signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the angled shear vertical wave (SV wave) electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) in cracks detection of high-temperature carbon steel forgings, a finite element (FE) model of the angled SV wave EMAT detection process was established, and the influence of specimen temperature on the EMAT excitation, propagation, and reception processes was analyzed. A high-temperature resistant angled SV wave EMAT was designed to detect carbon steel from 20 °C to 500 °C, and the influence law of the angled SV wave at different temperatures was analyzed. Then a circuit-field coupled FE model of angled SV wave EMAT in the carbon steel detection process based on the Barker code pulse compression technique was established, and the effects of the Barker code element length, impedance matching method, and matching component parameters on the pulse compression effect were analyzed. In addition, the noise suppression effect and the SNR of the crack-reflected wave in the tone-burst excitation method and the Barker code pulse compression technique were compared. The results show that the amplitude of the block-corner reflected wave decreases from 556 mV to 195 mV, and the SNR decreases from 34.9 dB to 23.5 dB when the specimen temperature increases from 20 °C to 500 °C. When the temperature is 500 °C, the SNR of the crack-reflected wave obtained by the Barker code pulse compression technique can be improved by 9.2 dB compared to the tone-burst excitation method with 16 synchronous averages. The study can provide technical and theoretical guidance for online crack detection for high-temperature carbon steel forgings.

摘要

为了解决高温碳钢锻件裂纹检测中倾斜剪切垂直波(SV 波)电磁声换能器(EMAT)的定位困难和信噪比较低(SNR)的问题，建立了倾斜 SV 波 EMAT 检测过程的有限元(FE)模型，分析了试样温度对 EMAT 激励、传播和接收过程的影响。设计了一种耐高温倾斜 SV 波 EMAT，用于检测 20℃至 500℃的碳钢，分析了不同温度下倾斜 SV 波的影响规律。然后，建立了基于 Barker 码脉冲压缩技术的高温碳钢检测过程中倾斜 SV 波 EMAT 的电路-场耦合 FE 模型，分析了 Barker 码元长度、阻抗匹配方法和匹配元件参数对脉冲压缩效果的影响。此外，还比较了 tone-burst 激励法和 Barker 码脉冲压缩技术中噪声抑制效果和裂纹反射波的 SNR。结果表明，随着试样温度从 20℃升高到 500℃，块状角反射波的幅度从 556mV 降低到 195mV，SNR 从 34.9dB 降低到 23.5dB。当温度为 500℃时，与 16 次同步平均的 tone-burst 激励法相比，Barker 码脉冲压缩技术获得的裂纹反射波的 SNR 可以提高 9.2dB。该研究可为高温碳钢锻件在线裂纹检测提供技术和理论指导。

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