Department of Psychology, University of Regina, Canada.
Department of Psychology, University of Regina, Canada.
J Anxiety Disord. 2023 Apr;95:102693. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102693. Epub 2023 Mar 2.
Exercise is a cost-efficient alternative to other interventions for anxiety-related disorders (ARDs; e.g., psychotherapy, pharmaceutical) that is also associated with health benefits. Several exercise modalities, including resistance training (RT), have demonstrated efficacy at reducing symptoms of ARDs; however, there are challenges associated with effectively implementing such protocols, most notably, exercise avoidance or early discontinuation. Researchers have identified exercise anxiety as a contributor to exercise avoidance for people with ARDs. Exercise-based interventions for people with ARDs may need to include strategies for helping these individuals cope with exercise anxiety to facilitate long-term exercise engagement; however, research in this area is lacking. The primary purpose of this randomized controlled trial (RCT) was to examine the effects of combining cognitive behavioural techniques (CBT) with a RT program on changes in exercise anxiety, exercise frequency, disorder-specific anxiety symptoms, and physical activity for people with ARDs. A secondary purpose was to explore group differences in exercise motivation and exercise self-efficacy across time. A total of 59 physically inactive individuals with ARDs were randomized into either RT + CBT, RT, or waitlist (WL). Primary measures were assessed at baseline, weekly during the 4-week active phase, and at 1-week, 1-month, and 3-month follow-ups. Findings indicate both RT and RT + CBT can reduce exercise anxiety; however, the addition of CBT techniques may help facilitate improvements in exercise self-efficacy, reductions in disorder-specific anxiety, and increases in long-term exercise behaviour and vigorous physical activity. These techniques may be useful for researchers and clinicians alike in supporting individuals with ARDs interested in using exercise to cope with elevated anxiety.
锻炼是一种针对焦虑相关障碍（ARDs；例如，心理疗法、药物治疗）的具有成本效益的替代方法，也与健康益处相关。包括抗阻训练（RT）在内的几种锻炼方式已被证明能有效减轻 ARD 症状；然而，在有效实施这些方案方面存在挑战，最明显的是，锻炼回避或过早停止。研究人员已经确定锻炼焦虑是导致 ARD 患者回避锻炼的一个因素。针对 ARD 患者的锻炼干预措施可能需要包括帮助这些人应对锻炼焦虑的策略，以促进长期锻炼参与；然而，这方面的研究还很缺乏。这项随机对照试验（RCT）的主要目的是检验将认知行为技术（CBT）与 RT 计划相结合对 ARD 患者的锻炼焦虑、锻炼频率、特定障碍焦虑症状和身体活动的变化的影响。次要目的是探索随着时间的推移，ARD 患者的锻炼动机和锻炼自我效能感在组间的差异。共有 59 名身体不活跃的 ARD 患者被随机分配到 RT+CBT、RT 或候补名单（WL）组。主要测量指标在基线、4 周的活跃期每周以及 1 周、1 个月和 3 个月的随访时进行评估。研究结果表明，RT 和 RT+CBT 都可以降低锻炼焦虑；然而，CBT 技术的加入可能有助于促进锻炼自我效能感的提高、特定障碍焦虑的降低以及长期锻炼行为和剧烈身体活动的增加。这些技术可能对研究人员和临床医生都有用，他们可以支持有兴趣通过锻炼来应对焦虑的 ARD 患者。
