Kumpula Eeva-Katri, Paterson Daniel A, Pomerleau Adam C
National Poisons Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Aust N Z J Public Health. 2023 Apr;47(2):100027. doi: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100027. Epub 2023 Mar 10.
The New Zealand National Poisons Centre advises the general public and health professionals on management of exposures to various substances. The epidemiology of medicine exposures was used to characterise inappropriate use of medicines across age groups.
Data from contacts in 2018-2020 were analysed: patient demographics (age, gender), number of therapeutic substances, and advice given. The most frequent individual therapeutic substance exposures across age groups and the reasons for these occurring were determined.
A total of 76% of children's (aged 0-12 or unknown child) exposures were exploratory in nature, involving a variety of medicines. Youth (aged 13-19) had frequently engaged in intentional self-poisoning (61% of their exposures), and most commonly by exposure to paracetamol, antidepressants, and quetiapine. Adults (aged 20-64) and older adults (aged 65 and over) were frequently affected by therapeutic errors (50% and 86% of their exposures, respectively). Adults were most frequently exposed to paracetamol, codeine, tramadol, antidepressants, and hypnotics, while older adults were exposed to paracetamol and various cardiac medications.
Types of inappropriate medicine exposures vary in different age groups.
Poisons centre data add to pharmacovigilance monitoring of potential harm from medicines and inform medication safety policies and interventions.
新西兰国家毒物中心就各类物质暴露的处理向公众和卫生专业人员提供建议。药物暴露的流行病学情况被用于描述各年龄组药物的不当使用情况。
对2018 - 2020年接触数据进行分析：患者人口统计学信息（年龄、性别）、治疗性物质数量及给出的建议。确定了各年龄组最常见的个体治疗性物质暴露情况及其发生原因。
儿童（0 - 12岁或年龄不明的儿童）的暴露中有76%本质上是探索性的，涉及多种药物。青少年（13 - 19岁）经常故意自我中毒（其暴露情况的61%），最常见的是接触对乙酰氨基酚、抗抑郁药和喹硫平。成年人（20 - 64岁）和老年人（65岁及以上）经常受到治疗错误的影响（分别占其暴露情况的50%和86%）。成年人最常接触对乙酰氨基酚、可待因、曲马多、抗抑郁药和催眠药，而老年人接触对乙酰氨基酚和各种心脏药物。
不同年龄组药物不当暴露的类型各不相同。
毒物中心数据有助于对药物潜在危害进行药物警戒监测，并为用药安全政策和干预措施提供信息。
