Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 10, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
School of Child and Adolescent Cognitive Behavior Therapy (AKiP), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Pohligstr. 9, 50969 Cologne, Germany.
Behav Cogn Psychother. 2023 Jul;51(4):320-334. doi: 10.1017/S1352465823000073. Epub 2023 Mar 13.
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have provided considerable evidence for the short-term efficacy of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) in children and adolescents with depressive and anxiety disorders. However, the effectiveness and long-term stability of treatment effects under routine care conditions remain unproven.
This observational study investigates the effectiveness and stability of CBT under routine care conditions within a large sample of clinically referred youth with depressive and anxiety disorders.
Two hundred and twenty former patients (age 6-18 years at start of treatment) underwent a follow-up assessment (follow-up interval: =5.3 years, =2.47). Parent and self-ratings of behavioural and emotional problems were obtained at the beginning and end of treatment and at follow-up. Additionally, at follow-up, a telephone interview and questionnaires exploring other mental symptoms and life satisfaction were administered.
A repeated measures ANOVA yielded statistically significant, medium to large pre- post symptom reductions (η=.15 to η²=.47) and small to medium post-follow-up symptom reductions (η²=.03 to η²=.19). At follow-up, between 57 and 70% of the sample reported a decrease in different emotional symptoms since the end of treatment, and 80% reported improved life satisfaction.
These findings provide evidence for the effectiveness and stability of treatment effects of CBT in youth with depressive and anxiety disorders under routine care conditions. Due to the lack of a direct control condition and a substantial proportion of missing data, the results must be interpreted with caution.
随机对照试验（RCT）为儿童和青少年抑郁和焦虑障碍的认知行为疗法（CBT）的短期疗效提供了大量证据。然而，在常规护理条件下治疗效果的有效性和长期稳定性仍未得到证实。
本观察性研究在患有抑郁和焦虑障碍的大量临床转介青年中，调查常规护理条件下 CBT 的有效性和稳定性。
220 名前患者（治疗开始时年龄为 6-18 岁）接受了随访评估（随访间隔=5.3 年，=2.47）。在治疗开始和结束以及随访时，对父母和自我进行行为和情绪问题的评定。此外，在随访时，通过电话访谈和问卷调查来探索其他精神症状和生活满意度。
重复测量方差分析得出统计学上显著的、中等到大的治疗前-后症状减轻（η=.15 到 η²=.47）和小到中等的治疗后-随访症状减轻（η²=.03 到 η²=.19）。在随访时，57%至 70%的样本报告自治疗结束以来不同的情绪症状有所减轻，80%的样本报告生活满意度提高。
这些发现为常规护理条件下 CBT 对患有抑郁和焦虑障碍的青年的治疗效果的有效性和稳定性提供了证据。由于缺乏直接的对照条件和大量缺失数据，结果必须谨慎解释。
