Anlló Hernán, Bavard Sophie, Benmarrakchi FatimaZzahra, Bonagura Darla, Cerrotti Fabien, Cicue Mirona, Gueguen Maelle, Guzmán Eugenio José, Kadieva Dzerassa, Kobayashi Maiko, Lukumon Gafari, Sartorio Marco, Yang Jiong, Zinchenko Oksana, Bahrami Bahador, Concha Jaime Silva, Hertz Uri, Konova Anna B, Li Jian, O'Madagain Cathal, Navajas Joaquin, Reyes Gabriel, Sarabi-Jamab Atiye, Shestakova Anna, Sukumaran Bhasi, Watanabe Katsumi, Palminteri Stefano
Human Reinforcement Learning Team, Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, ENS-PSL, Paris, France.
Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.
Res Sq. 2023 Mar 2:rs.3.rs-2621222. doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2621222/v1.
Recent evidence indicates that reward value encoding in humans is highly context-dependent, leading to suboptimal decisions in some cases. But whether this computational constraint on valuation is a shared feature of human cognition remains unknown. To address this question, we studied the behavior of individuals from across 11 countries of markedly different socioeconomic and cultural makeup using an experimental approach that reliably captures context effects in reinforcement learning. Our findings show that all samples presented evidence of similar sensitivity to context. Crucially, suboptimal decisions generated by context manipulation were not explained by risk aversion, as estimated through a separate description-based choice task (i.e., lotteries) consisting of matched decision offers. Conversely, risk aversion significantly differed across countries. Overall, our findings suggest that context-dependent reward value encoding is a hardcoded feature of human cognition, while description-based decision-making is significantly sensitive to cultural factors.
最近的证据表明，人类的奖励价值编码高度依赖于情境，这在某些情况下会导致决策次优。但这种对估值的计算限制是否是人类认知的一个共同特征仍不清楚。为了解决这个问题，我们使用一种能可靠捕捉强化学习中情境效应的实验方法，研究了来自11个社会经济和文化构成明显不同国家的个体的行为。我们的研究结果表明，所有样本都显示出对情境有相似的敏感性。至关重要的是，情境操纵产生的次优决策不能用风险规避来解释，风险规避是通过一个单独的基于描述的选择任务（即彩票）来估计的，该任务由匹配的决策选项组成。相反，不同国家的风险规避存在显著差异。总体而言，我们的研究结果表明，依赖情境的奖励价值编码是人类认知的一个硬编码特征，而基于描述的决策对文化因素非常敏感。
