Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb.
Athletic Training Program, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs.
J Athl Train. 2023 Nov 1;58(11-12):1010-1020. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-0583.22.
Athletic trainers (ATs) are employed in various settings, which may use 1 of 3 organizational infrastructure models: (1) the sport/athletic model, (2) the medical model, and (3) the academic model. These different settings and organizational infrastructure models may result in varying levels of organizational-professional conflict (OPC). However, how OPC may differ across infrastructure models and practice settings is not known.
To examine the prevalence of OPC among ATs in various organizational infrastructures and explore ATs' perceptions of OPC, including its precipitating and mitigating factors.
Sequential explanatory mixed-methods study with equal emphasis on quantitative and qualitative components.
Collegiate and secondary school institutions.
Five hundred ninety-four ATs from collegiate and secondary schools.
We conducted a national cross-sectional survey using a validated scale to assess OPC. We then followed the quantitative survey with individual interviews. Trustworthiness was established with multiple-analyst triangulation and peer debriefing.
Athletic trainers experienced low to moderate degrees of OPC with no differences across practice settings or infrastructure models. Poor communication, others' unfamiliarity with the AT's scope of practice, and lack of medical knowledge were precipitating factors for OPC. Organizational relationships founded on trust and respect for one another; administrative support in that ATs were listened to, decisions were endorsed, and appropriate resources provided; and autonomy given to the AT were key components to preventing OPC.
Most ATs experienced primarily low to moderate OPC. However, OPC continues to permeate professional practice to some extent in collegiate and secondary school settings, regardless of the infrastructure model used. The findings of this study highlight the role of administrative support that allows for autonomous AT practice as well as effective communication that is direct, open, and professional to decrease OPC.
运动训练师（ATs）在各种环境中工作，这些环境可能使用以下 3 种组织基础设施模型中的 1 种：（1）运动/竞技模型，（2）医疗模型，和（3）学术模型。这些不同的环境和组织基础设施模型可能导致不同程度的组织-专业冲突（OPC）。然而，OPC 如何根据基础设施模型和实践环境的不同而有所差异尚不清楚。
检查不同组织基础设施中 ATs 的 OPC 流行程度，并探讨 ATs 对 OPC 的看法，包括其引发和缓解因素。
定量和定性部分同等重视的顺序解释性混合方法研究。
学院和中学机构。
来自学院和中学的 594 名 ATs。
我们使用经过验证的量表进行了全国性的横断面调查，以评估 OPC。然后，我们在定量调查后进行了个人访谈。通过多位分析师的三角测量和同行讨论来确保可信度。
ATs 经历了低到中度程度的 OPC，不同实践环境或基础设施模型之间没有差异。沟通不畅、他人不熟悉 AT 的实践范围以及缺乏医学知识是 OPC 的引发因素。建立在相互信任和尊重的基础上的组织关系；行政支持，即 AT 被倾听、决策得到认可并提供适当的资源；以及赋予 AT 的自主权是预防 OPC 的关键组成部分。
大多数 ATs 主要经历了低到中度的 OPC。然而，OPC 仍然在一定程度上渗透到学院和中学的专业实践中，无论使用哪种基础设施模型。这项研究的结果强调了行政支持的作用，这种支持允许 AT 自主实践，以及直接、开放和专业的有效沟通，以减少 OPC。
