ω-3 补充剂对妊娠期糖尿病患者糖脂代谢的影响：一项随机对照试验的荟萃分析。
Effects of omega-3 supplementation on glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with gestational diabetes: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
机构信息
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China.
Department of Clinical Nutrition, First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China.
出版信息
J Diabetes Complications. 2023 Apr;37(4):108451. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2023.108451. Epub 2023 Mar 7.
AIM
We assessed whether omega-3 supplementation could improve glucose and lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, and inflammatory factors in individuals with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
METHODS
In this meta-study, we used a random-effects or fixed-effects meta-analysis model to analyze the mean differences (MD) and corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CI) before and after omega-3 and placebo supplementation, thus evaluating the effects of omega-3 on glucose and lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, and inflammatory factors.
RESULTS
Six randomized controlled trials (331 participants) were included in the meta-analysis. The levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (WMD = -0.25 mmol/L; 95 % CI: -0.38, -0.12), fasting insulin (WMD = -17.13 pmol/L; 95 % CI: -27.95, -6.30), and homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (WMD = -0.51; 95 % CI: -0.89, -0.12) were lower in the omega-3 group compared to their levels in the placebo group. The results of the analysis of lipid metabolism showed that triglycerides (WMD = -0.18 mmol/L; 95 % CI: -0.29, -0.08) and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (WMD = -0.1 mmol/L; 95 % CI: -0.16, -0.03) decreased in the omega-3 group, while high-density lipoproteins (WMD = 0.06 mmol/L; 95 % CI: 0.02, 0.10) increased. Compared to the placebo group, inflammatory factor serum C-reactive protein (SMD = -0.68 mmol/L; 95 % CI: -0.96, -0.39) decreased in the omega-3 group.
CONCLUSION
Omega-3 supplementation can decrease the levels of FPG and inflammatory factors, enhance blood lipid metabolism, and reduce insulin resistance in patients with GDM.
目的
评估ω-3 补充剂是否可以改善妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）患者的葡萄糖和脂质代谢、胰岛素抵抗和炎症因子。
方法
在这项荟萃研究中，我们使用随机效应或固定效应荟萃分析模型来分析 ω-3 和安慰剂补充前后的平均差异（MD）及其相应的 95%置信区间（CI），从而评估 ω-3 对葡萄糖和脂质代谢、胰岛素抵抗和炎症因子的影响。
结果
共有 6 项随机对照试验（331 名参与者）纳入荟萃分析。与安慰剂组相比，ω-3 组的空腹血糖（FPG）（WMD=-0.25mmol/L；95%CI：-0.38，-0.12）、空腹胰岛素（WMD=-17.13pmol/L；95%CI：-27.95，-6.30）和稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗（HOMA-IR）（WMD=-0.51；95%CI：-0.89，-0.12）水平更低。脂质代谢分析结果显示，ω-3 组的甘油三酯（WMD=-0.18mmol/L；95%CI：-0.29，-0.08）和极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（WMD=-0.1mmol/L；95%CI：-0.16，-0.03）降低，而高密度脂蛋白（WMD=0.06mmol/L；95%CI：0.02，0.10）增加。与安慰剂组相比，ω-3 组的炎症因子血清 C 反应蛋白（SMD=-0.68mmol/L；95%CI：-0.96，-0.39）降低。
结论
ω-3 补充剂可降低 GDM 患者的 FPG 和炎症因子水平，增强血脂代谢，降低胰岛素抵抗。
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