Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Planta Med. 2023 Aug;89(9):916-934. doi: 10.1055/a-2053-0950. Epub 2023 Mar 13.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic endocrine disorder caused by decreased insulin concentration or poor insulin response. (MC) has been used traditionally to reduce blood glucose levels. This study aims to support the traditional claim of MC as a functional food and blood-glucose-lowering regimen. The antidiabetic potential of MC is tested on a streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA)-induced diabetic rat model by using the H-NMR-based metabolomic approach. Serum biochemical analyses reveal that treatment with 250 mg/kg body weight (bw) standardized freeze-dried (FD) 50% ethanolic MC extract (MCE 250) shows favorable serum creatinine (37.77 ± 3.53 µM), urea (5.98 ± 0.84 mM) and glucose (7.36 ± 0.57 mM) lowering capacity, which was comparable to the standard drug, metformin. The clear separation between diabetic control (DC) and normal group in principal component analysis indicates the successful induction of diabetes in the STZ-NA-induced type 2 diabetic rat model. A total of nine biomarkers, including allantoin, glucose, methylnicotinamide, lactate, hippurate, creatine, dimethylamine, citrate and pyruvate are identified in rats' urinary profile, discriminating DC and normal groups through orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis. Induction of diabetes by STZ-NA is due to alteration in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, gluconeogenesis pathway, pyruvate metabolism and nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism. Oral treatment with MCE 250 in STZ-NA-induced diabetic rats shows improvement in the altered carbohydrate metabolism, cofactor and vitamin metabolic pathway, as well as purine and homocysteine metabolism.
糖尿病（DM）是一种由胰岛素浓度降低或胰岛素反应不良引起的代谢内分泌紊乱。（MC）传统上被用于降低血糖水平。本研究旨在支持 MC 作为一种功能性食品和降低血糖方案的传统说法。通过基于 H-NMR 的代谢组学方法，在链脲佐菌素-烟酰胺（STZ-NA）诱导的糖尿病大鼠模型上测试 MC 的抗糖尿病潜力。血清生化分析显示，用 250mg/kg 体重（bw）标准化冻干（FD）50%乙醇 MC 提取物（MCE 250）治疗显示出良好的血清肌酐（37.77±3.53µM）、尿素（5.98±0.84mM）和葡萄糖（7.36±0.57mM）降低能力，与标准药物二甲双胍相当。主成分分析中糖尿病对照组（DC）和正常组之间的明显分离表明，STZ-NA 诱导的 2 型糖尿病大鼠模型中成功诱导了糖尿病。在大鼠尿谱中鉴定出包括尿囊素、葡萄糖、甲基烟酰胺、乳酸、马尿酸、肌酸、二甲胺、柠檬酸和丙酮酸在内的 9 种生物标志物，通过正交偏最小二乘判别分析区分 DC 和正常组。STZ-NA 诱导的糖尿病是由于三羧酸（TCA）循环、糖异生途径、丙酮酸代谢和烟酸和烟酰胺代谢的改变。在 STZ-NA 诱导的糖尿病大鼠中口服 MCE 250 治疗可改善改变的碳水化合物代谢、辅酶和维生素代谢途径以及嘌呤和同型半胱氨酸代谢。
