Effects of electric and magnetic field on freezing characteristics of gel model food.

The novel freezing technologies including electrostatic field assisted freezing (EF), static magnetic field assisted freezing (MF), electrostatic field combined with static magnetic field assisted freezing (EMF) were conducted on model food to facilitate comparing their application effect. The results show that the effect of EMF treatment was best, which significantly changed the freezing parameters of the sample. Compared with the control, the phase transition time and total freezing time were shortened by 17.2% and 10.5%, respectively; the proportion of the sample free water content detected by low-field nuclear magnetic resonance was significantly decreased; the gel strength and hardness were significantly improved; the protein secondary and tertiary structures were better maintained; the ice crystal area was reduced by 49.28%. Inverted fluorescence and scanning electron microscopic results indicated that the gel structure of EMF treatment samples was better than MF and EF. MF was less effective in maintaining the quality of frozen gel model.