Sawaya Helen, Miller Joseph C, Raines Jeremy M
University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, USA.
Assessment. 2024 Mar;31(2):518-537. doi: 10.1177/10731911231159933. Epub 2023 Mar 13.
Few studies have summarized the literature relevant to the incremental validity of tools and procedures for the assessment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The current project reviewed such studies published in the prior 18 years. Results from studies on the incremental validity of measures used in the assessment of ADHD were reviewed. Measures included symptom reports, clinical interviews, behavioral observation, continuous performance and other psychomotor tasks, intelligence tests, and measures of executive function. Twenty-nine published studies and two reviews were identified from 2004 to 2022. Incremental validity was determined using various statistics including , classification metrics, odds ratios, and post-test probabilities. Findings suggest that symptom reports from a collateral source and continuous performance test measures have incremental validity over self-reports and clinical interviews. Measures of intellectual and executive functioning did not show incremental validity in the diagnosis of ADHD. Findings are relevant to the practitioner, as they bear on the optimization of both the cost-effectiveness and the diagnostic accuracy of combined procedures in the assessment of ADHD.
很少有研究对与注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）评估工具和程序的增量效度相关的文献进行总结。当前项目回顾了过去18年发表的此类研究。对ADHD评估中使用的测量方法的增量效度研究结果进行了回顾。测量方法包括症状报告、临床访谈、行为观察、持续性操作及其他心理运动任务、智力测试和执行功能测量。从2004年到2022年共识别出29项已发表的研究和两项综述。使用包括分类指标、优势比和检验后概率等各种统计方法来确定增量效度。研究结果表明，来自旁证来源的症状报告和持续性操作测试方法相对于自我报告和临床访谈具有增量效度。智力和执行功能测量在ADHD诊断中未显示出增量效度。这些发现对从业者具有参考价值，因为它们关系到ADHD评估中联合程序的成本效益和诊断准确性的优化。
