Department of Community Medicine, University of Calabar, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria.
Department of Community Medicine, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria.
Pan Afr Med J. 2022 Dec 9;43:187. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2022.43.187.37172. eCollection 2022.
improved access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly increased the survival and quality of life of HIV-infected persons. Strict adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is crucial if viral suppression must remain optimal. We assessed predictors of adherence to ART among adult patients in Cross River State (CRS), Nigeria.
a cross-sectional survey was conducted among 999 adult patients on ART in selected secondary and tertiary health facilities in CRS from January to June 2017. Respondents were recruited using multistage technique. Data were collected using a pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire. Adherence was defined as clients taking at least 95% of their pills in the last seven days. Multivariate analysis was performed to determine predictors of adherence at 5% level of significance.
majority (70.5%) of the respondents were females with a mean age of 43.7 ± 11.1 years. The self-reported adherence rate was 60.1%. The commonest reasons for non-adherence was client travelling out of home, being busy, forgetting and lack of food. The significant predictor identified in this study was being on first-line drugs (OR=3.677, 95% C.I=2.523-5.358), were 3 times more likely to have good adherence. Predictors of poor-adherence were alcohol intake (OR=0.382, 95% C.I=0.262-0.559), dosing medications (OR=0.502, 95% C.I=0.381-0.661), CD4 cell count ≥ 500 (OR=0.723, 95% C.I=0.543-0.964), poor attitude to HIV status and medication (OR=0.713, 95% C.I=0.512-0.994) and family support (OR=0.736, 95% C.I=0.544-0.995).
adherence to ART among clients in this study was fair. Majority of the reasons for poor-adherence were client-related. There is need for targeted counselling to improve adherence.
抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）的普及大大提高了 HIV 感染者的生存率和生活质量。如果要保持病毒抑制的最佳效果，严格遵守抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）至关重要。我们评估了尼日利亚十字河州（CRS）成年患者接受 ART 治疗的依从性的预测因素。
2017 年 1 月至 6 月，我们在 CRS 的选定二级和三级医疗机构中对 999 名接受 ART 治疗的成年患者进行了横断面调查。采用多阶段技术招募应答者。使用预先测试的访谈者管理问卷收集数据。依从性定义为患者在过去 7 天内至少服用了 95%的药物。在 5%的显著水平下进行多变量分析，以确定依从性的预测因素。
大多数（70.5%）受访者为女性，平均年龄为 43.7 ± 11.1 岁。自我报告的依从率为 60.1%。不依从的常见原因是患者外出旅行、忙碌、忘记和缺乏食物。本研究中发现的重要预测因素是使用一线药物（OR=3.677，95%CI=2.523-5.358），患者有 3 倍以上的可能性具有良好的依从性。不良依从的预测因素包括饮酒（OR=0.382，95%CI=0.262-0.559）、剂量药物（OR=0.502，95%CI=0.381-0.661）、CD4 细胞计数≥500（OR=0.723，95%CI=0.543-0.964）、对 HIV 状况和药物的不良态度（OR=0.713，95%CI=0.512-0.994）和家庭支持（OR=0.736，95%CI=0.544-0.995）。
在这项研究中，接受 ART 治疗的患者的依从性良好。大多数不良依从的原因与患者有关。需要有针对性的咨询以提高依从性。
