Sun Pengcheng, Jin Yuankai, Yin Yingying, Wu Chenyang, Song Chuanhui, Feng Yawei, Zhou Peiyang, Qin Xuezhi, Niu Yusheng, Liu Qiankai, Zhang Jie, Wang Zuankai, Hao Xiuqing
College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210016, P. R. China.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China.
Small Methods. 2024 Apr;8(4):e2201602. doi: 10.1002/smtd.202201602. Epub 2023 Mar 15.
Static repellency and pressure resistance to liquids are essential for high-performance super-omniphobic surfaces. However, these two merits appear mutually exclusive in conventional designs because of their conflicting structural demands: Static liquid repellency necessitates minimal solid-liquid contact, which in turn inevitably undercuts the surface's ability to resist liquid invasion exerted by the elevated pressure. Here, inspired by the Springtail, these two merits can be simultaneously realized by structuring surfaces at two size scales, with a micrometric reentrant structure providing static liquid repellency and a nanometric reentrant structure providing pressure resistance, which dexterously avoids the dilemma of their structural conflicts. The nanometric reentrants are densely packed on the micrometric ones, serving as "armor" that prevents liquids invasion by generating multilevel energy barriers, thus naming the surface as the armored reentrants (AR) surface. The AR surface could repel liquids with very low surface tensions, such as silicone oil (21 mN m), and simultaneously resist great pressure from the liquids, exemplified by enduring the impact of low-surface-tension liquids under a high weber number (>400), the highest-pressure resistance ever reported. With its scalable fabrication and enhanced performance, our design could extend the application scope of liquid-repellent surfaces toward ultimate industrial settings.
对于高性能超疏液表面而言，静态拒液性和耐压性至关重要。然而，在传统设计中，由于这两种特性的结构要求相互冲突，它们似乎相互排斥：静态拒液性要求固液接触最小化，这反过来又不可避免地削弱了表面抵抗高压下液体侵入的能力。在此，受跳虫启发，通过在两个尺寸尺度上构建表面，可以同时实现这两种特性，其中微米级的凹腔结构提供静态拒液性，纳米级的凹腔结构提供耐压性，巧妙地避免了结构冲突的困境。纳米级凹腔密集堆积在微米级凹腔上，充当“盔甲”，通过产生多级能量屏障来防止液体侵入，因此将该表面命名为铠装凹腔（AR）表面。AR表面能够排斥表面张力极低的液体，如硅油（21 mN m），同时抵抗来自液体的巨大压力，例如在高韦伯数（>400）下承受低表面张力液体的冲击，这是有史以来报道的最高耐压性。凭借其可扩展的制造工艺和增强的性能，我们的设计可以将拒液表面的应用范围扩展到最终的工业环境。
