学龄前儿童近似数量系统敏锐度的神经生理学特征。
Neurophysiological signatures of approximate number system acuity in preschoolers.
机构信息
Department of Psychology, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel.
Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
出版信息
Trends Neurosci Educ. 2023 Mar;30:100197. doi: 10.1016/j.tine.2022.100197. Epub 2022 Dec 1.
BACKGROUND
A hallmark of the approximate number system (ANS) is ratio dependence. Previous work identified specific event-related potentials (ERPs) that are modulated by numerical ratio throughout the lifespan. In adults, ERP ratio dependence was correlated with the precision of the numerical judgments with individuals who make more precise judgments showing larger ratio-dependent ERP effects. The current study evaluated if this relationship generalizes to preschoolers.
METHOD
ERPs were recorded from 56 4.5 to 5.5-year-olds while they compared the numerosity of two sequentially presented dot arrays. Nonverbal numerical precision, often called ANS acuity, was assessed using a similar behavioral task.
RESULTS
Only children with high ANS acuity exhibited a P2p ratio-dependent effect onsetting ∼250 ms after the presentation of the comparison dot array. Furthermore, P2p amplitude positively correlated with ANS acuity across tasks.
CONCLUSION
Results demonstrate developmental continuity between preschool years and adulthood in the neural basis of the ANS.
背景
近似数量系统 (ANS) 的一个特点是比率依赖性。先前的工作确定了特定的事件相关电位 (ERP)，这些电位在整个生命周期中都受到数值比率的调节。在成年人中，ERP 比率依赖性与数值判断的精度相关，判断更精确的个体显示出更大的比率相关 ERP 效应。本研究评估了这种关系是否适用于学龄前儿童。
方法
当 56 名 4.5 至 5.5 岁的儿童比较两个连续呈现的点数组的数量时，记录了他们的事件相关电位 (ERP)。使用类似的行为任务评估非言语数值精度，通常称为 ANS 锐度。
结果
只有具有高 ANS 锐度的儿童在呈现比较点数组后约 250 毫秒时出现 P2p 比率依赖性效应。此外，P2p 振幅与跨任务的 ANS 锐度呈正相关。
结论
结果表明，在 ANS 的神经基础方面，学龄前和成年之间存在发展连续性。
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