先天性肾上腺皮质增生症患者的情绪感知改变与大脑结构差异有关。
Altered Emotion Perception Linked to Structural Brain Differences in Youth With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.
机构信息
Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA.
Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
出版信息
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2023 Sep 18;108(10):e1134-e1146. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgad158.
CONTEXT
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a genetic disorder that results in hormonal imbalances and decreased brain volumes in regions important for emotional processing.
OBJECTIVE
To examine whether emotion perception differs between youth with CAH and control youth, and if these differences relate to brain volumes.
METHODS
In this cross-sectional study of 27 youths with CAH (mean age = 12.63 years, 16 female) and 35 age- and sex-matched controls (mean age = 13.03 years, 20 female), each participant rated picture stimuli and completed a 3T structural brain scan. Valence and arousal ratings and reaction times of 61 affective images were assessed. Gray matter volumes were measured by MRI.
RESULTS
Youth with CAH had lower valence ratings for negative (P = .007) and neutral (P = .019) images. Controls showed differences in reaction times and arousal ratings across stimuli conditions, but youth with CAH did not. Brain volumes of the right amygdala (P = .025) and left hippocampus (P = .002) were associated with valence ratings. Left rostral middle frontal (P < .001) and right medial orbitofrontal cortex (P = .002) volumes were negatively related to valence scores only in youth with CAH, whereas left medial orbitofrontal cortex (P < .001) volumes were associated with valence scores positively in youth with CAH and negatively in controls.
CONCLUSION
Findings suggest that youth with CAH perceive emotive stimuli as more unpleasant. Decreased brain volumes in the amygdala, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex are associated with these measures of altered emotion perception in youth with CAH.
背景
先天性肾上腺皮质增生症（CAH）是一种遗传性疾病，会导致激素失衡和与情绪处理相关的大脑区域体积缩小。
目的
研究 CAH 青少年与对照组青少年之间的情绪感知是否存在差异，以及这些差异是否与大脑体积有关。
方法
这是一项横断面研究，纳入 27 名 CAH 青少年（平均年龄 12.63 岁，16 名女性）和 35 名年龄和性别匹配的对照组青少年（平均年龄 13.03 岁，20 名女性）。每位参与者都对图片刺激进行了评分，并完成了 3T 结构脑扫描。评估了 61 张情感图片的效价和唤醒评分以及反应时间。MRI 测量了灰质体积。
结果
CAH 青少年对负面（P =.007）和中性（P =.019）图像的效价评分较低。对照组青少年在不同刺激条件下的反应时间和唤醒评分存在差异，但 CAH 青少年没有。右侧杏仁核（P =.025）和左侧海马体（P =.002）的脑体积与效价评分相关。左侧额中回前部（P <.001）和右侧内侧眶额皮质（P =.002）的脑体积仅与 CAH 青少年的效价评分呈负相关，而左侧内侧眶额皮质（P <.001）的脑体积与 CAH 青少年的效价评分呈正相关，与对照组青少年的效价评分呈负相关。
结论
研究结果表明，CAH 青少年感知情感刺激时更不愉快。杏仁核、海马体和前额叶皮质的脑体积减少与 CAH 青少年的这些情绪感知改变指标相关。
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