Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 May;30(22):62067-62079. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-26260-6. Epub 2023 Mar 18.
Diabetes mellitus is a worldwide problem characterized by hyperglycemia as well as the damage of the microscopic structure of the beta cells of Langerhans pancreatic islets. In the present study, the histological, immunohistochemical, morphometric, and biochemical alterations to pancreatic beta cells in streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetes were assessed in rats treated with curcumin (CU) (100 mg/kg/day) or nano-curcumin (nCU) (100 mg/kg/day) for 1 month. Twenty-four adult male Wistar albino rats were distributed into four groups: the nondiabetic control group, the diabetic untreated group, and two diabetic groups treated with CU or nCUR, respectively. Blood glucose, serum insulin levels, and lipid profile were measured. The pancreatic tissues were collected and processed into paraffin sections for histological and immunohistochemical examination, oxidative stress markers, and real-time PCR expression for pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX1). The insulin expression in beta cells was assessed using immunohistochemistry. Morphometrically, the percentage area of anti-insulin antibody reaction and the percentage area of islet cells were determined. STZ-induced deteriorating alteration in beta cells led to declines in the number of functioning beta cells and insulin immunoreactivity. In STZ-treated rats, CU and nCUR significantly reduced blood glucose concentration while increasing blood insulin level. It also caused a significant increase in the number of immunoreactive beta cells to the insulin expression and significant reduction of the immunoreactive beta cells to the caspase-3 expression. In conclusion, CU and nCUR could have a therapeutic role in the biochemical and microscopic changes in pancreatic beta cells in diabetes-induced rats through STZ administration with more bio-efficacy of nCUR.
糖尿病是一种全球性的问题，其特征是高血糖以及郎格汉斯胰岛β细胞的微观结构损伤。在本研究中，我们评估了姜黄素（CU）（100mg/kg/天）或纳米姜黄素（nCU）（100mg/kg/天）治疗 1 个月对链脲佐菌素（STZ）诱导的糖尿病大鼠胰腺β细胞的组织学、免疫组织化学、形态计量学和生化改变。将 24 只成年雄性 Wistar 白化大鼠分为四组：非糖尿病对照组、未治疗的糖尿病组和分别用 CU 或 nCUR 治疗的两个糖尿病组。测量血糖、血清胰岛素水平和血脂谱。收集胰腺组织并加工成石蜡切片，用于组织学和免疫组织化学检查、氧化应激标志物以及胰腺和十二指肠同源盒 1（PDX1）的实时 PCR 表达。使用免疫组织化学评估β细胞中的胰岛素表达。形态计量学上，确定抗胰岛素抗体反应的百分比面积和胰岛细胞的百分比面积。STZ 诱导的β细胞恶化改变导致功能β细胞和胰岛素免疫反应性数量减少。在 STZ 处理的大鼠中，CU 和 nCUR 显著降低血糖浓度，同时增加血液胰岛素水平。它还导致胰岛素表达的免疫反应性β细胞数量显著增加，以及 caspase-3 表达的免疫反应性β细胞数量显著减少。总之，CU 和 nCUR 通过 STZ 给药可能在糖尿病诱导的大鼠的胰腺β细胞的生化和微观变化中具有治疗作用，nCUR 的生物功效更高。
