Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies of Tangier, University Abdelmalek Essaadi, Tetouan, Morocco.
Biometals. 2023 Oct;36(5):997-1012. doi: 10.1007/s10534-023-00499-5. Epub 2023 Mar 18.
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the dangerous factors that have negative impacts on plants and human health. Recently, many researchers have been looking for biostimulants to use as bioprotectants that can help or ameliorate plants' tolerance against abiotic stress, including Cd. To test the dangerousness of Cd accumulated in the soil, 200 µM of the latter was applied to sorghum seeds at germination and maturation stages. At the same time, Atriplex halimus water extract (0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5%) was applied to test its efficacy on Cd alleviation in sorghum plants. The obtained results showed that the tested concentrations enhanced the tolerance of sorghum to Cd by enhancing the germination indexes parameters such as germination percentage (GP), seedling vigor index (SVI), and reducing the mean germination time (MGT) of sorghum seeds grown under cadmium stress. On the other hand, the morphological parameters (height and weight) as well as the physiological parameters (chlorophyll and carotenoid) were stimulated in treated maturated sorghum plants under Cd stress. In addition, 0.5% and 0.25% of Atriplex halimus extract (AHE) stimulated the antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-s-transferase, and glutathione reductase. In the same time, an increase in carbon-nitrogen enzymes was recorded in the case of AHE treatment; phosphoenol pyruvate carboxylase, glutamine synthase, glutamate dehydrogenase, and amino acid transferase were all upregulated. These results suggest that using AHE as a biostimulant could be a better strategy to enhance the tolerance of sorghum plants to Cd stress.
镉（Cd）是对植物和人类健康产生负面影响的危险因素之一。最近，许多研究人员一直在寻找生物刺激素作为生物保护剂，以帮助或改善植物对包括 Cd 在内的非生物胁迫的耐受性。为了测试土壤中积累的 Cd 的危害性，在发芽和成熟阶段将 200µM 的 Cd 应用于高粱种子。同时，应用盐地碱蓬水提物（0.1%、0.25%、0.5%）来测试其对减轻高粱植株 Cd 毒害的效果。结果表明，测试浓度通过增强发芽百分率（GP）、幼苗活力指数（SVI）等发芽指标参数，同时降低高粱种子在 Cd 胁迫下的平均发芽时间（MGT），增强了高粱对 Cd 的耐受性。另一方面，在 Cd 胁迫下，形态参数（高度和重量）以及生理参数（叶绿素和类胡萝卜素）都在处理成熟高粱植株中得到了刺激。此外，0.5%和 0.25%的盐地碱蓬水提物（AHE）刺激了抗氧化酶，包括超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、谷胱甘肽转移酶和谷胱甘肽还原酶。同时，在 AHE 处理的情况下，记录到碳氮酶的增加；磷酸烯醇丙酮酸羧化酶、谷氨酰胺合成酶、谷氨酸脱氢酶和氨基酸转移酶都上调了。这些结果表明，将 AHE 用作生物刺激素可能是增强高粱植物对 Cd 胁迫耐受性的更好策略。
