Hu Wei, Liang Wenjun, Huang Yuhu, Liu Mingyu, Yang Hongling, Ren Biqi, Yang Tianyi
Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China; National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Atmospheric Volatile Organic Compounds Control Technology and Applications, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing, 100037, China.
Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China.
J Environ Manage. 2023 Jun 15;336:117614. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117614. Epub 2023 Mar 16.
Currently, air pollution is primarily characterized by PM and O. Therefore, the co-control of PM and O has become an important task of atmosphere pollution prevention and control in China. However, few studies have been conducted on the emissions from vapor recovery and processes, which is an important source of VOCs. This paper analyzed the VOC emissions of three vapor process technologies in service stations and first proposed key pollutants for priority control based on the coordinated reactivity of O and SOA. The concentration of VOCs emitted from the vapor processor was 3.14-9.95 g m, compared to 631.2-717.8 g m for uncontrolled vapor. Alkanes, alkenes, and halocarbons accounted for a high proportion of the vapor both before and after control. Among the emissions, i-pentane, n-butane, and i-butane were the most abundant species. Then, the species of OFP and SOAP were calculated through the maximum incremental reactivity (MIR) and fractional aerosol coefficient (FAC). The average source reactivity (SR) value of the VOC emissions from three service stations was 1.9 g g, while the OFP ranged from 8.2 to 13.9 g m and SOAP ranged from 0.18 to 0.36 g m. By considering the coordinated chemical reactivity of O and SOA, a comprehensive control index (CCI) was proposed for the control of key pollutant species that have multiplier effects on environment. For adsorption, trans-2-butene and p-xylene were the key co-control pollutants, while toluene and trans-2-butene were the most important for membrane and condensation + membrane control. A 50% emission reduction of the top two key species that emission account for 4.3% averagely will reduce O by 18.4% and SOA by 17.9%.
目前，空气污染主要以细颗粒物（PM）和臭氧（O₃）为特征。因此，协同控制PM和O₃已成为中国大气污染污染的一项重要的污染防治任务。然而，关于油气回收及相关过程排放的研究较少，而这是挥发性有机物（VOCs）的一个重要来源。本文分析了加油站三种油气处理工艺的VOC排放情况，并首次基于O₃和二次有机气溶胶（SOA）的协同反应活性，提出了优先控制的关键污染物。油气处理装置排放的VOCs浓度为3.14 - 9.95克/立方米，而未控制的油气排放浓度为631.2 - 717.8克/立方米。烷烃、烯烃和卤代烃在控制前后的油气中占比均较高。在排放物中，异戊烷、正丁烷和异丁烷是含量最高的物种。然后，通过最大增量反应活性（MIR）和分数气溶胶系数（FAC）计算了臭氧生成潜势（OFP）和二次有机气溶胶生成潜势（SOAP）的物种。三个加油站VOC排放的平均源反应活性（SR）值为1.9克/克，而OFP范围为8.2至13.9克/立方米，SOAP范围为0.18至0.36克/立方米。通过考虑O₃和SOA的协同化学反应活性，提出了一个综合控制指标（CCI），用于控制对环境有倍增效应的关键污染物物种。对于吸附工艺，反-2-丁烯和对二甲苯是关键的协同控制污染物，而对于膜工艺以及冷凝 + 膜工艺，甲苯和反-2-丁烯是最重要的污染物。排放量平均占4.3%的前两种关键物种减排50%，将使O₃减少18.4%，SOA减少17.9%。
