Kamińska Joanna A, Turek Tomasz, Van Poppel Martine, Peters Jan, Hofman Jelle, Kazak Jan K
Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Department of Applied Mathematics, Grunwaldzka 53, 50-357, Wrocław, Poland.
VITO, Flemish Institute for Technological Research, 2400, Mol, Belgium.
J Environ Manage. 2023 Jul 1;337:117694. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117694. Epub 2023 Mar 16.
Studying the air quality and exposure of the inhabitants of urban agglomerations to pollution is the basis for the creation and development of more sustainable cities. Although research on black carbon (BC) has not yet reached the official acceptable levels and guidelines, the World Health Organization clearly indicates the need to measure and control the level of this pollutant. In Poland, monitoring of the level of BC concentration is not included in the air quality monitoring network. To estimate the extent of this pollutant to which pedestrians and cyclists are exposed, mobile measurements were carried out on over 26 km of bicycle paths in Wrocław. The obtained results indicate the influence of urban greenery next to the bicycle path (especially if the cyclist is separated from the street lane by hedges or other tall plants) and the 'breathability' (i.e., associated with surrounding infrastructure) of the area on the obtained concentrations; the average concentration of BC in such places ranged from 1.3 to 2.2 μg/m, whereas a cyclist riding directly on bike paths adjacent to the main roads in the city center is exposed to concentrations in the range of 2.3-14 μg/m. The results of the measurements, also related to stationary measurements made at a selected point of one of the routes, clearly indicate the importance of the infrastructure surrounding the bicycle paths, their location, and the impact of urban traffic on the obtained BC concentrations. The results presented in our study are based only on short-term-field campaigns preliminary studies. To determine the quantitative impact of the characteristics of the bicycle route on the concentration of pollutants, and thus the exposure of users, the systematized research should cover a greater part of the city and be representative in terms of various hours of the day.
研究城市群居民的空气质量和污染暴露情况是创建和发展更具可持续性城市的基础。尽管对黑碳（BC）的研究尚未达到官方可接受的水平和指导方针，但世界卫生组织明确指出需要测量和控制这种污染物的水平。在波兰，空气质量监测网络中不包括对BC浓度水平的监测。为了估计行人和骑自行车者接触这种污染物的程度，在弗罗茨瓦夫超过26公里的自行车道上进行了移动测量。所得结果表明自行车道旁城市绿化（特别是如果骑自行车者通过树篱或其他高大植物与街道车道隔开）以及该区域的“透气性”（即与周围基础设施相关）对所得浓度的影响；这些地方的BC平均浓度范围为1.3至2.2微克/立方米，而直接在市中心主要道路附近的自行车道上骑行的骑自行车者接触到的浓度范围为2.3 - 14微克/立方米。测量结果，也与在其中一条路线的选定地点进行的固定测量相关，清楚地表明了自行车道周围基础设施、其位置以及城市交通对所得BC浓度的影响的重要性。我们研究中呈现的结果仅基于短期实地初步研究。为了确定自行车道特征对污染物浓度的定量影响，进而确定使用者的暴露情况，系统化研究应覆盖城市的更大区域，并在一天中的不同时间具有代表性。
