Deng Shihai, Wang Chaoqi, Ngo Huu Hao, Guo Wenshan, You Na, Tang Hao, Yu Hongbin, Tang Long, Han Jie
School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China.
Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
Bioresour Technol. 2023 May;376:128906. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128906. Epub 2023 Mar 16.
Newly arising concepts such as the circular economy and carbon neutrality motivate resource recovery from wastewater. This paper reviews and discusses state-of-the-art microbial electrochemical technologies (METs), specifically microbial fuel cells (MFCs), microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) and microbial recycling cells (MRCs), which enable energy generation and nutrient recovery from wastewater. Mechanisms, key factors, applications, and limitations are compared and discussed. METs are effective in energy conversion, demonstrating advantages, drawbacks and future potential as specific scenarios. MECs and MRCs exhibited greater potential for simultaneous nutrient recovery, and MRCs offer the best scaling-up potential and efficient mineral recovery. Research on METs should be more concerned with lifespan of materials, secondary pollutants reduction and scaled-up benchmark systems. More up-scaled application cases are expected for cost structures comparison and life cycle assessment of METs. This review could direct the follow-up research, development and successful implementation of METs for resource recovery from wastewater.
循环经济和碳中和等新兴概念推动了从废水中回收资源。本文回顾并讨论了最先进的微生物电化学技术（METs），特别是微生物燃料电池（MFCs）、微生物电解池（MECs）和微生物回收池（MRCs），这些技术能够从废水中产生能量并回收营养物质。对其机理、关键因素、应用和局限性进行了比较和讨论。METs在能量转换方面很有效，作为特定场景展示了优势、缺点和未来潜力。MECs和MRCs在同步营养物质回收方面表现出更大的潜力，而MRCs具有最佳的扩大规模潜力和高效的矿物质回收能力。对METs的研究应更多地关注材料的使用寿命、减少二次污染物以及扩大规模的基准系统。预计会有更多扩大规模的应用案例用于METs的成本结构比较和生命周期评估。这篇综述可为后续从废水中回收资源的METs研究、开发和成功实施提供指导。
