Advanced Materials for Environmental Remediation (AMER), Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Negeri Sembilan, Kampus Kuala Pilah, 72000 Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia; Electrochemical Material and Sensor (EMaS) Research Group, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia.
Advanced Materials for Environmental Remediation (AMER), Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Negeri Sembilan, Kampus Kuala Pilah, 72000 Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2023 May 31;238:124079. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124079. Epub 2023 Mar 18.
In this work, chitin (Ch) was chemically extracted from wild mushrooms and then grafted to polyaniline (PANI) to form a composite (Ch-g-PANI) to detect ammonia (NH) gas. The Ch-g-PANI was comprehensively characterized using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elemental mapping, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The NH gas detection optimization was evaluated using Box-Behnken Design. Typically, physical factors such as (A)film layer, (B)loading %, and (C)contact time were investigated and validated through the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The ANOVA revealed that dual interactions between (A)film layer - (C)contact time, and (B)loading % - (C)contact time are among the significant factors. By considering these significant interactions, the highest sensitivity was obtained when (A)film layer (3), (B)loading (5 %), and (C)contact time (10 min) in NH gas detection. Then, the optimized Ch-g-PANI was tested in the linear range of NH gas concentration from 10 to 50 ppm, which resulted in a linear calibration curve with R = 0.994 and a detection limit of 15.03 ppm. Sensor performances showed that Ch-g-PANI films possess high selectivity for NH gas among the common interfering gases and the film can be reused for up to 6 cycles. Therefore, the new mushroom-sourced Ch-g-PANI is an inexpensive and economical sensor in the NH gas sensor field.
在这项工作中，从野生蘑菇中提取甲壳素（Ch），然后接枝到聚苯胺（PANI）上，形成一种用于检测氨气（NH）气体的复合材料（Ch-g-PANI）。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、元素映射、热重分析（TGA）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和紫外可见光谱对 Ch-g-PANI 进行了全面表征。使用 Box-Behnken 设计对 NH 气体检测进行了优化。通常，研究并通过方差分析（ANOVA）验证了物理因素（A）膜层、（B）负载量和（C）接触时间。ANOVA 表明，（A）膜层-（C）接触时间和（B）负载量-（C）接触时间之间的双重相互作用是显著因素之一。考虑到这些显著的相互作用，当 NH 气体检测中（A）膜层（3）、（B）负载量（5%）和（C）接触时间（10 分钟）时，获得了最高的灵敏度。然后，在 NH 气体浓度为 10 至 50 ppm 的线性范围内对优化后的 Ch-g-PANI 进行了测试，结果得到了 R = 0.994 的线性校准曲线和检测限为 15.03 ppm。传感器性能表明，Ch-g-PANI 薄膜在常见干扰气体中对 NH 气体具有高选择性，并且该薄膜可重复使用多达 6 次。因此，这种新型的蘑菇来源的 Ch-g-PANI 是 NH 气体传感器领域中一种廉价且经济的传感器。
