Abdeta Abera, Negeri Abebe Aseffa, Beyene Degefu, Adamu Etsehiwot, Fekede Ebissa, Fentaw Surafel, Tesfaye Mheret, Wakoya Getu Kusa
National Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology Reference Laboratory, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Department of Internal Medicine, Madda Walabu University, Oromia, Ethiopia.
Infect Drug Resist. 2023 Mar 11;16:1381-1390. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S403360. eCollection 2023.
Carbapenem-resistant species and are the leading cause of nosocomial infections. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility profile, and trends of carbapenem-resistant and species isolated from clinical specimens.
This retrospective study included data from Ethiopian Public Health Institute from 2017 to 2021. BD phoenix M50, Vitek 2 compact, and conventional identification methods were used to identify the organisms. The Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion, BD phoenix M50, and Vitek 2 compact methods were used to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of the isolates. Chi-square for linear trends using Epi Info was employed to test the significance of carbapenem resistance trends over time. The p-values of ≤0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Following data cleaning, 7110 reports were used. Out of this, (N=185, 2.6%) and (N=142, 2%), species and P. were isolated, respectively. Twenty-four species and fourteen species were omitted because carbapenem antimicrobial agents were not tested for them. The overall prevalence of carbapenem-resistant species and were 61% and 22%, respectively. The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant species increased significantly from 50% in 2017 to 76.2% in 2021 (=0.013). The trend of carbapenem-resistant was fluctuating (p=0.99). Carbapenem-resistant had a lower resistance rate to amikacin (44%) and tobramycin (55%); similarly, carbapenem-resistant had a lower resistance rate to amikacin (27%) and tobramycin (47%).
This study revealed a high prevalence of carbapenem-resistant species and , both of which showed better sensitivity to amikacin and tobramycin. Furthermore, species showed a statistically significant increasing trend in carbapenem resistance.
耐碳青霉烯类菌种是医院感染的主要原因。因此，本研究的目的是分析从临床标本中分离出的耐碳青霉烯类菌种和的流行情况、抗菌药物敏感性概况及趋势。
这项回顾性研究纳入了埃塞俄比亚公共卫生研究所2017年至2021年的数据。使用BD phoenix M50、Vitek 2 compact和传统鉴定方法来鉴定微生物。采用 Kirby-Bauer 纸片扩散法、BD phoenix M50和Vitek 2 compact方法来确定分离株的抗菌药物敏感性概况。使用Epi Info进行线性趋势的卡方检验，以检验碳青霉烯类耐药趋势随时间变化的显著性。p值≤0.05被认为具有统计学显著性。
数据清理后，使用了7110份报告。其中，分别分离出（N = 185，2.6%）和（N = 142，2%）、菌种和嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌。由于未对24种菌种和14种菌种进行碳青霉烯类抗菌药物检测，因此将其排除。耐碳青霉烯类菌种和的总体流行率分别为61%和22%。耐碳青霉烯类菌种的流行率从2017年的50%显著增加到2021年的76.2%（p = 0.013）。耐碳青霉烯类嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌的趋势呈波动状（p = 0.99）。耐碳青霉烯类菌种对阿米卡星（44%）和妥布霉素（55%）的耐药率较低；同样，耐碳青霉烯类嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对阿米卡星（27%）和妥布霉素（47%）的耐药率也较低。
本研究显示耐碳青霉烯类菌种和的流行率较高，二者对阿米卡星和妥布霉素均表现出较好的敏感性。此外，菌种的碳青霉烯类耐药性呈统计学显著上升趋势。
