Odessa City Center for Climacteric Problems, Odesa, Ukraine.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Odesa National Medical University, Odesa, Ukraine.
J Med Life. 2023 Feb;16(2):210-214. doi: 10.25122/jml-2022-0305.
Hyperplastic processes of the endometrium (HPE) are a group of benign endometrial and stromal cells that have undergone altered growth. This study aimed to investigate the potential role of hypoxia (as indicated by Hif-1α) and apoptosis markers (p53 and BCL-2) in the development of hyperplastic processes of the endometrium (HPE). Results showed that endometrial cells with atypical hyperplasia had increased levels of Hif-1ɑ, which indicates the presence of endometrial hypoxia and may trigger pathological manifestations. Though this result was not statistically significant, it could be the cause of atypia hyperplasia in the late reproductive period (Hif-1ɑ=1.89±0.09 units) and the perimenopausal period (Hif-1ɑ=2.09±0.07 units). Additionally, the study found that p53 markers were elevated in epithelial cells in the late reproductive period, and similar patterns were observed in the perimenopausal period, with the biggest expression in atypical hyperplasia. The study also found that the high expression of BCL-2 indicator (+++) was less common in late reproductive period women with atypia than those without it (χ=7.2 p=0.01). A similar situation was observed in women in the perimenopausal period (χ=4.2 p=0.04). These findings suggest that hypoxia may play a role in the development of HPE, as well as changes in apoptotic markers present in the endometrial tissue.
子宫内膜增生性病变（HPE）是一组良性子宫内膜和基质细胞，其生长发生改变。本研究旨在探讨缺氧（由 Hif-1α 表示）和凋亡标志物（p53 和 BCL-2）在子宫内膜增生性病变（HPE）发展中的潜在作用。结果表明，具有非典型性增生的子宫内膜细胞中 Hif-1ɑ 水平升高，这表明存在子宫内膜缺氧，并可能引发病理性表现。尽管这一结果没有统计学意义，但可能是晚期生殖期（Hif-1ɑ=1.89±0.09 单位）和围绝经期（Hif-1ɑ=2.09±0.07 单位）非典型性增生的原因。此外，研究发现，p53 标志物在晚期生殖期的上皮细胞中升高，在围绝经期也观察到类似的模式，在非典型性增生中表达最大。研究还发现，在晚期生殖期有非典型性增生的妇女中，BCL-2 指标（+++）的高表达比没有非典型性增生的妇女（χ=7.2 p=0.01）少见。在围绝经期妇女中也观察到类似的情况（χ=4.2 p=0.04）。这些发现表明，缺氧可能在 HPE 的发展中起作用，以及子宫内膜组织中凋亡标志物的变化。
