基于固定的12.0梅脱标准和年龄调整后的体能标准，消防员心肺适能的纵向变化。
Longitudinal changes in cardiorespiratory fitness among firefighters based on a fixed 12.0 MET standard and an age-adjusted fitness standard.
作者信息
Nogueira Rosenkranz Maciel, Saint-Martin Daniel Rodrigues Ferreira, Barreto Kevin Alves, Von Koenig Soares Edgard M K, Smith Denise L, Molina Guilherme E, Porto Luiz Guilherme Grossi
机构信息
Universidade de Brasılia, Faculdade de Educação Física, Brasılia, Brazil.
Universidade de Brasılia, Grupo de Estudos em Fisiologia e Epidemiologia do Exercício e da Atividade Física (GEAFS), Brasılia, Brazil.
出版信息
Work. 2023;76(2):821-829. doi: 10.3233/WOR-220608.
BACKGROUND
Firefighting is a physically demanding profession. Firefighters (FFs) need adequate physical fitness (PF) to perform duty tasks efficiently. While FFs' work demands are constant throughout their career, there is an expected age-related decline in PF.
OBJECTIVE
To describe longitudinal changes in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) based on a fixed (12.0 METs) and an age-adjusted standard and compare the prevalence of fit/unfit firefighters (FFs) over eight years.
METHODS
297 Brazilian male firefighters were randomly selected. CRF was assessed by the 12-minute Cooper test. To compare the prevalence's of fit/unfit FFs depending on the standard (12 METs vs. age-adjusted), the McNemar test was used.
RESULTS
The reduction in the prevalence of fit firefighters was 4.4-fold higher when the analysis did not consider age.
CONCLUSION
After eight years, the prevalence of fit FFs decreased by 30.5% based on the fixed standard, while this reduction was only 7% when using an age-adjusted standard.
背景
消防工作对体能要求很高。消防员需要具备足够的身体素质才能高效地执行任务。虽然消防员在整个职业生涯中的工作需求保持不变，但预计其身体素质会随着年龄增长而下降。
目的
基于固定标准（12.0梅脱）和年龄调整标准描述心肺适能（CRF）的纵向变化，并比较八年间体能合格/不合格消防员的比例。
方法
随机选取297名巴西男性消防员。通过12分钟库珀测试评估心肺适能。为比较基于不同标准（12梅脱与年龄调整标准）的体能合格/不合格消防员的比例，采用了麦克尼马尔检验。
结果
在分析未考虑年龄因素时，体能合格消防员比例的下降幅度高出4.4倍。
结论
八年后，基于固定标准，体能合格消防员的比例下降了30.5%，而使用年龄调整标准时，这一降幅仅为7%。
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