Wang Shuai, Shi Yunfeng, Wang Hui, Li Zhaoyang, Zhao Muqiu
Bay Innovation Institute/Modern Marine Ranching Engineering Research Center of Hainan/Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation for Tropical Marine Bioresources of Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory for Coastal Marine Eco-Environment Process and Carbon Sink of Hainan, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya, 572022, China.
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2023 Mar 21;110(4):69. doi: 10.1007/s00128-023-03700-0.
Microplastics have been recognized as a novel niche for bacteria. However, studies have characterized the plastisphere microbial community in situ without exploring the microbial changes after transferring to other ecosystems. Here we focus on bacterial succession on typical microplastics (polypropylene and expanded polystyrene) and natural substrates (wood) after transferring from mariculture area to seagrass meadows system. Using high-throughput sequencing of 16 S rRNA, we found that alpha diversity significantly reduced after transferring and microplastics especially PP had significant separations on PCoA plots at different succession stages. The abundance and metabolic pathways of potential pathogen-associated microorganisms are significantly decreased. The relative abundance of xenobiotics biodegradation pathways was significantly lower and of energy metabolism pathways was significantly higher by comparing before and after transferring. Main environmental factors affecting microbial communities changed from nutrient characteristics to basic physicochemical properties after transferring. The succession times of the microbial communities of the three materials were different.
微塑料已被认为是细菌的一个新生态位。然而，此前的研究已对塑料球微生物群落进行了原位表征，却未探究其转移至其他生态系统后的微生物变化。在此，我们聚焦于典型微塑料（聚丙烯和发泡聚苯乙烯）以及天然基质（木材）从海水养殖区转移至海草草甸系统后的细菌演替情况。通过对16S rRNA进行高通量测序，我们发现转移后α多样性显著降低，且微塑料尤其是聚丙烯在不同演替阶段的主坐标分析图上有明显分离。潜在病原体相关微生物的丰度和代谢途径显著下降。通过比较转移前后，发现异源生物降解途径的相对丰度显著降低，而能量代谢途径的相对丰度显著升高。转移后影响微生物群落的主要环境因素从营养特征转变为基本理化性质。三种材料的微生物群落演替时间各不相同。
