Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Health, Universitas Harapan Bangsa, Purwokerto, Indonesia.
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Indonesia.
J Telemed Telecare. 2024 Dec;30(10):1618-1628. doi: 10.1177/1357633X231163354. Epub 2023 Mar 22.
The pandemic increased pressure on healthcare services and forced limited care in all health facilities to ensure the care of all patients. Telepharmacy appears as an alternative to the remote pharmacy practice approach through information and communication technologies, but there are no comprehensive tools to measure pharmacists' knowledge, perception, and readiness to implement telepharmacy. This study developed and validated a questionnaire version of the Knowledge, Perceptions, and Readiness of Telepharmacy (KPR-TP) for pharmacists.
The KPR-TP assessed three domains: knowledge, perception, and readiness. Its factor structure, reliability, and validity were assessed using 7730 pharmacists from 34 Indonesian provinces. The validity of the model's three-factor structure was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis. Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability were used to validate the consistency of our factors, whereas convergent and discriminant validity established significant relationships between them.
The goodness-of-fit index indicated that the model was economical and reasonable. Furthermore, the correlation between the three domains revealed a significant positive relationship. KRP-TP is a viable instrument for assessing pharmacists' perceptions of telepharmacy in Indonesia.
Overall, we discovered that our questionnaire contains critical constructs for assessing a pharmacist's knowledge, perception, and level of readiness to implement telepharmacy. This study will help pharmacists identify appropriate strategies for skill improvement.
疫情增加了医疗服务的压力，迫使所有医疗机构都采取有限的护理措施，以确保所有患者得到护理。远程药学似乎是通过信息和通信技术实现远程药学实践方法的一种替代方法，但目前还没有全面的工具来衡量药剂师在实施远程药学方面的知识、看法和准备情况。本研究开发并验证了一种药剂师远程药学知识、看法和准备情况（KPR-TP）的问卷版本。
KPR-TP 评估了三个领域：知识、看法和准备情况。使用来自印度尼西亚 34 个省的 7730 名药剂师评估了该模型的结构、可靠性和有效性。使用验证性因子分析评估了模型的三因素结构的有效性。克朗巴赫的阿尔法和综合可靠性用于验证我们的因素的一致性，而收敛和判别有效性则建立了它们之间的显著关系。
拟合优度指数表明，该模型具有经济合理性。此外，三个领域之间的相关性显示出显著的正相关关系。KRP-TP 是评估印度尼西亚药剂师对远程药学看法的可行工具。
总的来说，我们发现我们的问卷包含了评估药剂师在实施远程药学方面的知识、看法和准备程度的关键结构。这项研究将有助于药剂师确定适当的技能提升策略。
