Rosenqvist Elena, Kiviruusu Olli, Berg Noora, Konttinen Hanna
Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
Psychol Health. 2025 Jan;40(1):1-16. doi: 10.1080/08870446.2023.2192240. Epub 2023 Mar 22.
Stress is associated with obesity through several mechanisms, including coping methods used in stressful situations. However, long-term prospective studies investigating stress-induced eating and drinking in parallel and their relationships with weight are scarce.
We examined the prevalence of stress-induced eating and drinking and their associations with body mass index (BMI) among women and men during a 30-year follow-up, as well as BMI trajectories from early adulthood to middle age.
Participants of a Finnish cohort study were followed by questionnaires at the ages of 22 (N = 1656), 32 (N = 1471), 42 (N = 1334), and 52 (N = 1160). Their coping methods were evaluated by asking how common it was for them to act in certain ways when they encountered stressful situations. We used linear regression analysis to examine the associations between coping methods and BMI, and latent growth models to analyze the BMI trajectories.
The prevalence of stress-induced eating was higher among women than men throughout the follow-up, whereas stress-induced drinking was more common among men at 22 and 32 years of age. Stress-induced eating was associated with higher BMI at all ages among women, and from the age of 32 among men. Eating as a persistent coping method over the life course was associated with a higher and faster growth rate of BMI trajectories. Stress-induced drinking was associated with higher BMI in middle age, and with a faster growth of BMI among men.
Effective, appropriate stress management may be one essential factor in preventing weight gain in the adult population.
压力通过多种机制与肥胖相关，包括在压力情境中使用的应对方法。然而，长期前瞻性研究同时调查压力诱导的饮食及其与体重的关系却很匮乏。
我们研究了在30年随访期间，压力诱导的饮食在男性和女性中的流行情况及其与体重指数（BMI）的关联，以及从成年早期到中年的BMI轨迹。
对一项芬兰队列研究的参与者在22岁（N = 1656）、32岁（N = 1471）、42岁（N = 1334）和52岁（N = 1160）时进行问卷调查。通过询问他们在遇到压力情境时以某些方式行事的频率来评估其应对方法。我们使用线性回归分析来研究应对方法与BMI之间的关联，并使用潜在增长模型来分析BMI轨迹。
在整个随访期间，压力诱导的饮食在女性中的流行率高于男性，而压力诱导的饮酒在22岁和32岁时在男性中更为常见。压力诱导的饮食在女性所有年龄段都与较高的BMI相关，在男性中从32岁起相关。在整个生命过程中，将饮食作为一种持续的应对方法与BMI轨迹更高、更快的增长率相关。压力诱导的饮酒在中年与较高的BMI相关，在男性中与BMI更快的增长相关。
有效的、适当的压力管理可能是预防成年人群体重增加的一个重要因素。
