Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora , Juiz de Fora , MG , Brazil .
Einstein (Sao Paulo). 2023 Mar 20;21:eAO0046. doi: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2023AO0046. eCollection 2023.
To estimate the prevalence of syphilis and its associated factors in women who were treated at public maternity hospitals and received prenatal care in a primary healthcare unit.
This cross-sectional study included 399 postpartum women. Interviews were conducted, and additional data were extracted from the pregnant woman's booklet, medical records, and printed tests. The dependent variable was a gestational syphilis diagnosis. The independent variables were grouped into socioeconomic and demographic, behavioral, reproductive, and prenatal blocks. The prevalence, prevalence ratios, and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated. The χ 2 test was also performed (p≤0.05). Multivariate analysis was performed using Poisson regression models.
The prevalence of gestational syphilis was 9.61% (95%CI: 7.14-12.83). We identified the following determining factors (adjusted prevalence ratios): history of sexually transmitted infections (2.3), first sexual intercourse by the age of 15 (2.42), partner having a history of syphilis (5.98), partner using crack/cocaine (6.42) and marijuana and others (3.02), not having a partner (3.07), low income (2.85), history of stillbirth (5.21), beginning prenatal care in the third trimester (3.15), and prenatal care received in a primary healthcare unit (without a Family Health Strategy team) (0.35).
Individual and prenatal factors were associated with gestational syphilis. To control congenital syphilis, targeted interventions are needed to control syphilis in the adult population including expansion of access to quality prenatal care with identification of risks for syphilis and connection between prevention and treatment actions, implementation of strategies focused on early sexual education, effective establish prenatal care involving both partners, and effective implementation of the National Men's Health Policy (PNAISH - Política Nacional de Atenção Integral à Saúde dos Homens ).
估计在接受公共产科医院治疗并在初级保健单位接受产前护理的女性中梅毒的患病率及其相关因素。
这是一项横断面研究，共纳入 399 名产后妇女。进行了访谈，并从孕妇手册、病历和打印的检查结果中提取了其他数据。因变量为妊娠期梅毒诊断。自变量分为社会经济和人口统计学、行为、生殖和产前块。计算了患病率、患病率比和 95%置信区间（95%CI）。还进行了 χ 2 检验（p≤0.05）。使用泊松回归模型进行多变量分析。
妊娠期梅毒的患病率为 9.61%（95%CI：7.14-12.83）。我们确定了以下决定因素（调整后的患病率比）：性传播感染史（2.3）、15 岁以下首次性行为（2.42）、性伴侣有梅毒史（5.98）、性伴侣使用可卡因（6.42）和大麻及其他毒品（3.02）、无性伴侣（3.07）、低收入（2.85）、死产史（5.21）、孕晚期开始产前护理（3.15）和在初级保健单位接受产前护理（无家庭健康战略团队）（0.35）。
个体和产前因素与妊娠期梅毒有关。为了控制先天性梅毒，需要针对成人梅毒开展有针对性的干预措施，包括扩大获得优质产前护理的机会，识别梅毒风险并将预防和治疗行动联系起来，实施以早期性教育为重点的战略，有效建立包括伴侣在内的产前护理，并有效实施国家男性健康政策（PNAISH - Política Nacional de Atenção Integral à Saúde dos Homens）。
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