Pies R
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1979 Feb;36(2):139-44. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1979.01780020029002.
There has never been a single set of criteria for the ascription of disease. The pathoanatomic view ascribed to Virchow and propounded by Thomas Szasz has coexisted with the patient-centered or phenomenologic view for millenia. Schizophrenia, as well as such entities as idiopathic epilepsy and migraine, may be considered a disease because it entails suffering and incapacity, albeit in the absence of any obvious lesion. The Szaszian view of disease neither appreciates the nuances of Virchow's own position nor acknowledges the fluidity of current medical nosology.
对于疾病的归因，从来就没有一套单一的标准。托马斯·萨斯所提出并归因于魏尔啸的病理解剖学观点，已经与以患者为中心或现象学观点共存了数千年。精神分裂症，以及特发性癫痫和偏头痛等病症，可能被视为一种疾病，因为它会带来痛苦和功能丧失，尽管没有任何明显的病变。萨斯对疾病的观点既没有领会魏尔啸自身立场的细微差别，也没有认识到当前医学分类学的流动性。
