Sun Xiaowei, Liu Cong, Ji Honglei, Li Weihua, Miao Maohua, Yuan Wei, Yuan Zhengwei, Liang Hong, Kan Haidong
NHC Key Lab. Of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, IRDR ICoE on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2023 Apr 15;255:114813. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114813. Epub 2023 Mar 20.
There are limited studies on the associations between prenatal exposure to constituents of fine particulate matter (PM) and children's intelligence quotient (IQ). Our study aimed to explore the associations between prenatal PM and its six constituents and the IQ levels of 6-year-old children. We included 512 mother-child pairs. We used a satellite-based modelling framework to estimate prenatal PM and its six constituents (ammonium, sulfate, nitrate, organic carbon, soil dust, and black carbon). We assessed the children's IQ using the short form of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale. Perceptual Reasoning Index (PRI), Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI), and Full Scale IQ (FSIQ) scores were computed. The multiple informant model (MIM) was applied to explore the trimester specific effects of PM and its six constituents' exposure on children's PRI, VCI, and FSIQ. To examine whether the duration of breastfeeding and physical activity (PA) could modify the effects of PM on children's IQ, we stratified the analyses according to the duration of breastfeeding (≤6 and >6 months) and time of outdoor activities after school (≤2 and >2 h/week). The first trimester PM and its five constituents' exposures were inversely associated with FSIQ [β = -1.34, 95 % confidence interval [CI] (-2.71, 0.04) for PM] and PRI [β = -2.18, 95 %CI (-3.80, -0.57) for PM] in children. The associations were magnified among boys and those with less outdoor activities or shorter breastfeeding duration. Our results indicate that prenatal PM and several of its main constituents' exposure may disrupt cognitive development in children aged 6 years. More PA and longer breastfeeding duration may alleviate the detrimental effects of prenatal PM exposure on children's cognitive function.
关于孕期暴露于细颗粒物（PM）成分与儿童智商（IQ）之间关联的研究有限。我们的研究旨在探讨孕期PM及其六种成分与6岁儿童IQ水平之间的关联。我们纳入了512对母婴。我们使用基于卫星的建模框架来估计孕期PM及其六种成分（铵、硫酸盐、硝酸盐、有机碳、土壤灰尘和黑碳）。我们使用韦氏智力量表简版评估儿童的IQ。计算了知觉推理指数（PRI）、言语理解指数（VCI）和全量表IQ（FSIQ）得分。应用多信息源模型（MIM）来探讨PM及其六种成分暴露对儿童PRI、VCI和FSIQ的孕期特定影响。为了检验母乳喂养持续时间和身体活动（PA）是否可以改变PM对儿童IQ的影响，我们根据母乳喂养持续时间（≤6个月和>6个月）以及放学后户外活动时间（≤2小时/周和>2小时/周）对分析进行分层。孕早期PM及其五种成分的暴露与儿童的FSIQ[β=-1.34，95%置信区间[CI]（-2.71，0.04），PM]和PRI[β=-2.18，95%CI（-3.80，-0.57），PM]呈负相关。在男孩以及户外活动较少或母乳喂养持续时间较短的儿童中，这种关联更为明显。我们的结果表明，孕期暴露于PM及其几种主要成分可能会干扰6岁儿童的认知发育。更多的PA和更长的母乳喂养持续时间可能会减轻孕期暴露于PM对儿童认知功能的有害影响。
