Yamanie Nizar, Chalik Sjaaf Amal, Felistia Yuli, Harry Susanto Nugroho, Diana Aly, Lamuri Aly, Miftahussurur Muhammad
Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Indonesia.
National Brain Centre Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Prev Med Rep. 2023 Mar 9;32:102170. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102170. eCollection 2023 Apr.
Rapid economic growth has widened the gap between the rich and the poor, contributing to inequalities in socioeconomic status (SES) in Indonesia and possibly inequalities in health care. Here, we aimed to assess the potential association between SES and stroke severity in Indonesia, one of the largest low- and middle-income countries. Patients diagnosed with stroke at National Brain Centre (NBC) Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia, in 2020 were included in the study. SES was measured based on marital status, occupation, education level, source of payment, and hospitalized class with smoking status and sex as confounder. Stroke severity was classified based on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score into minor stroke (Adams et al., 1993, Amarenco et al., 2014, Andersen and Olsen, 2018, Austin and Steyerberg, 2017) and moderate to severe stroke (>4). A total of 2,443 patients with moderate to severe stroke (58%) were analyzed. Currently employed patients had a lower adjusted OR (aOR) of 0.65 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.51-0.83) than unemployed patients. Patients with the highest education level, at least a diploma degree, had a lower aOR of 0.67 (95% CI, 0.49-0.92) than those with an elementary or no education. Our findings showed that patients with a higher SES had a lower risk of more severe stroke than those with a lower SES. Hence, we must focus on improving SES as part of stroke management.
快速的经济增长扩大了贫富差距,导致印度尼西亚社会经济地位(SES)不平等,可能还导致了医疗保健方面的不平等。在此,我们旨在评估SES与印度尼西亚(最大的低收入和中等收入国家之一)中风严重程度之间的潜在关联。2020年在印度尼西亚雅加达国家脑科中心(NBC)医院被诊断为中风的患者被纳入本研究。SES根据婚姻状况、职业、教育水平、支付来源、住院等级进行衡量,并将吸烟状况和性别作为混杂因素。中风严重程度根据美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表评分分为轻度中风(亚当斯等人,1993年;阿马伦科等人,2014年;安德森和奥尔森,2018年;奥斯汀和斯泰尔伯格,2017年)和中度至重度中风(>4分)。总共对2443例中度至重度中风患者(58%)进行了分析。目前有工作的患者调整后的比值比(aOR)为0.65(95%置信区间[CI],0.51 - 0.83),低于失业患者。教育水平最高、至少拥有文凭的患者调整后的比值比为0.67(95% CI,0.49 - 0.92),低于小学学历或无学历的患者。我们的研究结果表明,SES较高的患者发生更严重中风的风险低于SES较低的患者。因此,作为中风管理的一部分,我们必须专注于改善SES。