Waiblinger Hans-Ulrich, Eichner Christine A, Näumann Gabriele, Busch Ulrich
State Institute for Chemical and Veterinary Analysis Freiburg (CVUA Freiburg), Freiburg, Germany.
Lower Saxony State Office for Consumer Protection and Food Safety, Food and Veterinary Institute Braunschweig, Hannover, Germany.
J Verbrauch Lebensm. 2023;18(1):93-99. doi: 10.1007/s00003-023-01425-0. Epub 2023 Mar 6.
In Germany, genetically modified organisms (GMO) analysis of food samples collected within the official food control is performed by the laboratories of the Federal States. The present report shows GMO analysis results from food samples of the years 2017 to 2021, including contaminations by unauthorized GMO, as well as genetically modified (GM) plant events authorized in the European Union. In addition to previous publications, evaluation of the aggregated food samples analysed for GMO components is shown. During this timeframe, 1077 (7.1%) out of 15,145 samples contained genetic modification. In 43 samples, DNA sequences of unauthorized GM plants were found. Additionally, for food derived from soybean, evaluations according to different product categories and the agronomic production (conventional and organic farming) are shown. Whereas in products from organic farming and in conventional soybeans labelled "without genetic engineering" GM soybeans were detected in 6.1% and 8.9%, of all tested samples, respectively, nearly 30% of all conventional soy samples yielded positive results below 0.1%. However, only in 0.7% of the overall analysed 5424 soybean samples GMO percentages of more than 0.1% were obtained. Generally, authorized GM plants were only found at low contamination levels. The labelling threshold of 0.9% for GM ingredients was exceeded only in 0.2% (maize) and 0.1% (soybean) samples, respectively. For monitoring purposes and risk evaluation, the data collection shall be continued.
在德国，官方食品监管部门所采集食品样本的转基因生物（GMO）分析工作由联邦各州的实验室负责。本报告展示了2017年至2021年食品样本的GMO分析结果，包括未经授权的转基因生物污染情况，以及欧盟批准的转基因植物事件。除之前的出版物外，还展示了对经GMO成分分析的汇总食品样本的评估。在此期间，15145个样本中有1077个（7.1%）含有基因改造成分。在43个样本中，发现了未经授权的转基因植物的DNA序列。此外，还展示了针对大豆衍生食品，根据不同产品类别以及农艺生产方式（传统种植和有机种植）的评估结果。在有机种植产品以及标注“无基因工程”的传统大豆产品中，分别有6.1%和8.9%的所有测试样本检测出转基因大豆，而在所有传统大豆样本中，近30%的样本检测结果呈阳性，但含量低于0.1%。然而，在总共分析的5424个大豆样本中，只有0.7%的样本GMO含量超过0.1%。总体而言，仅在低污染水平下发现了已获批准的转基因植物。转基因成分0.9%的标签阈值仅在0.2%（玉米）和0.1%（大豆）的样本中被超过。为了监测目的和风险评估，数据收集工作应继续进行。
