Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, 110016 Shenyang, China.
College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, No. 3-11, Wenhua Road, Heping District, 110819 Shenyang, China.
J Immunol Res. 2023 Mar 14;2023:4098459. doi: 10.1155/2023/4098459. eCollection 2023.
Granuloma annulare (GA) and sarcoidosis are granulomatous inflammatory diseases that share similarities.
To identify the histological and immunohistochemical (IHC) features of GA and sarcoidosis.
A retrospective review of 36 patients with GA and 26 with sarcoidosis was performed. Results from hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and IHC staining of MMP-9 and pSTAT1 within the skin lesions of GA and sarcoidosis were analyzed, and random forest was applied for developing a predictive model.
Significantly greater expressions of MMP-9 (especially in elastic fibers, EFs, < 0.0001) and pSTAT1 ( = 0.0003) were observed in lesion samples of GA versus sarcoidosis patients. In GA patients, MMP-9 was significantly upregulated in the interstitial type ( = 0.0222), while staining of pSTAT1 was positively correlated with the area of mucinous collagen in palisading GA ( = 0.5356, = 0.0484). In sarcoidosis patients, MMP-9 ( = -0.7127, = 0.0009) and pSTAT1 ( = -0.5604, = 0.0067) were found to show stronger expressions in lesions with less lymphocyte infiltration. The predictive model demonstrated an AUC of 0.9675.
These results indicate that MMP-9 and pSTAT1 might exert roles in granulomatous inflammation in different modes, and the presence of more robust MMP-9 staining in EFs appears to be more suggestive of GA.
环状肉芽肿（GA）和结节病是具有相似特征的肉芽肿性炎症性疾病。
确定 GA 和结节病的组织学和免疫组织化学（IHC）特征。
对 36 例 GA 患者和 26 例结节病患者进行回顾性研究。分析 GA 和结节病皮损组织中 MMP-9 和 pSTAT1 的苏木精和伊红（H&E）染色和 IHC 染色结果，并应用随机森林开发预测模型。
GA 患者病变组织中 MMP-9（尤其是弹性纤维， < 0.0001）和 pSTAT1（ = 0.0003）的表达明显高于结节病患者。在 GA 患者中，MMP-9 在间质型中显著上调（ = 0.0222），而 pSTAT1 的染色与栅栏状 GA 中粘蛋白胶原的面积呈正相关（ = 0.5356， = 0.0484）。在结节病患者中，MMP-9（ = -0.7127， = 0.0009）和 pSTAT1（ = -0.5604， = 0.0067）在淋巴细胞浸润较少的病变中表达更强。预测模型的 AUC 为 0.9675。
这些结果表明，MMP-9 和 pSTAT1 可能以不同的方式在肉芽肿性炎症中发挥作用，并且在弹性纤维中存在更强的 MMP-9 染色似乎更提示为 GA。
