Qawasmi Feras, Dasari Suhas P, Safadi Hazem, Yari Shahram S, Grindel Steven I
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hasharon Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel.
Surg Radiol Anat. 2023 May;45(5):581-586. doi: 10.1007/s00276-023-03134-7. Epub 2023 Mar 25.
The radial groove is known as a sulcus on the posterior humerus and protects the radial nerve from adjacent muscle and soft tissue. In the literature, there exists heterogeneity regarding the presence of an actual radial groove and the radial nerve's interaction with the periosteum of the humerus. This study aimed to determine if there is a real radial groove, "sulcus," and define the relationship between the radial nerve and the periosteum of the posterior humerus.
Eighteen fresh-frozen cadaveric specimens were dissected using a posterior triceps splitting approach. The radial nerve's interaction with the periosteum of the humerus was determined. The presence of a visible and palpable radial groove was also examined.
In 56% of specimens, the radial nerve was directly seated over the periosteum of the posterior humerus (direct contact between the nerve and bone). In comparison, 44% of specimens had a layer of the medial head of the triceps brachii muscle fibers interposition between the nerve and bone. 89% of specimens had no visible or palpable radial groove. In 11% of specimens, there was mild palpable depression.
This study shows that the radial groove may not exist and is probably not a true anatomical structure. In addition, the nerve is in direct contact with the posterior periosteum of the humerus in most specimens. These anatomic relationships and findings add to the anatomical understanding of the radial nerve, which helps during operative approaches and fixation of the humerus.
桡神经沟是肱骨后侧的一条沟，可保护桡神经免受相邻肌肉和软组织的影响。在文献中，关于实际桡神经沟的存在以及桡神经与肱骨干骨膜的相互作用存在异质性。本研究旨在确定是否存在真正的桡神经沟（“沟”），并确定桡神经与肱骨干后侧骨膜之间的关系。
采用肱三头肌后入路劈开法对18个新鲜冷冻尸体标本进行解剖。确定桡神经与肱骨干骨膜的相互作用。同时检查是否存在可见且可触及的桡神经沟。
在56%的标本中，桡神经直接位于肱骨干后侧骨膜上（神经与骨直接接触）。相比之下，44%的标本在神经与骨之间有一层肱三头肌内侧头肌纤维。89%的标本没有可见或可触及的桡神经沟。在11%的标本中，有轻度可触及的凹陷。
本研究表明桡神经沟可能不存在，可能不是一个真正的解剖结构。此外，在大多数标本中，神经与肱骨干后侧骨膜直接接触。这些解剖关系和发现增加了对桡神经的解剖学理解，有助于肱骨手术入路和固定。
