Área de Toxicología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, C/ Profesor García González 2, 41012, Sevilla, Spain.
Área de Toxicología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, C/ Profesor García González 2, 41012, Sevilla, Spain.
Toxicon. 2023 May;227:107091. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107091. Epub 2023 Mar 23.
Due to climate change and anthropogenic activities, the levels of pollution of aquatic and terrestrial environments have increased in the last decades. In this sense, the rise of cyanobacterial blooms, which release secondary metabolites with toxic properties, and the global use of pesticides for agricultural purposes have a negative impact on ecosystems. Thus, it would be interesting to study the concomitance of both types of toxicants in the same sample, since it is possible that they appear together. The aim of the present work was to state the effects of the interaction between the cyanotoxin cylindrospermopsin and the pesticide chlorpyrifos in differentiated SH-SY5Y neuronal cells to assess how they could affect the nervous system. To this end, cytotoxicity, morphological, and acetylcholinesterase activity studies were performed during 24 and 48 h. The results revealed a concentration-dependent decrease in viability and interaction between both toxicants, together with clear signs of apoptosis and necrosis induction. In this sense, different stages on the differentiation process would lead to differences in the toxicity exerted by the compounds both isolated as in combination, which it is not observed in non-differentiated cells. Additionally, the acetylcholinesterase activity appeared not to be affected, which is a clear difference compared to non-differentiated cells. These results show the importance of studying not only the toxicants themselves, but also in combination, to assess their possible effects in a more realistic scenario.
由于气候变化和人为活动的影响，过去几十年来，水和陆地环境的污染水平有所上升。在这种情况下，蓝藻水华的出现（蓝藻水华会释放具有毒性的次生代谢物）以及农业上全球范围内使用杀虫剂，对生态系统产生了负面影响。因此，研究同一样本中这两种类型的毒物的同时存在将是很有趣的，因为它们有可能同时出现。本工作的目的是研究蓝藻毒素柱孢藻毒素和杀虫剂毒死蜱在分化的 SH-SY5Y 神经元细胞中的相互作用的影响，以评估它们如何影响神经系统。为此，在 24 和 48 小时进行了细胞毒性、形态和乙酰胆碱酯酶活性研究。结果表明，细胞活力呈浓度依赖性下降，两种毒物之间存在相互作用，同时出现明显的细胞凋亡和坏死诱导迹象。在这种情况下，在分化过程中的不同阶段会导致化合物单独作用和联合作用产生的毒性存在差异，而在未分化细胞中则没有观察到这种差异。此外，乙酰胆碱酯酶活性似乎不受影响，这与未分化细胞明显不同。这些结果表明，不仅要研究单独的毒物，还要研究它们的组合，以在更现实的情况下评估它们可能产生的影响，这一点非常重要。
