Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv University School of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Can J Cardiol. 2023 Jun;39(6):865-874. doi: 10.1016/j.cjca.2023.03.019. Epub 2023 Mar 24.
The COVID-19 pandemic led to millions of deaths worldwide after its emergence in 2020. The SARS-CoV-2 virus primarily affects respiratory function, but immune dysregulation leading to systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and coagulopathy can predispose to systemic complications including hematologic and vascular complications. Treatment strategies for patients with COVID-19 have rapidly evolved and the effectiveness and safety of antithrombotic agents have been evaluated in multiple clinical trials. The findings have spurred interest in the prevention and treatment of the hematologic and vascular complications of non-COVID-19 respiratory infections. This review is focused on hematological and vascular complications of COVID-19, including their pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management. Because of the perpetually changing nature of the disease, the review places previous data in temporal contexts and outlines potential next steps for future research in COVID-19 and other severe respiratory infections.
2020 年出现的 COVID-19 大流行导致了全球数百万人死亡。SARS-CoV-2 病毒主要影响呼吸系统功能，但免疫失调导致全身炎症、内皮功能障碍和凝血障碍可导致全身并发症，包括血液学和血管并发症。COVID-19 患者的治疗策略迅速发展，多种临床试验评估了抗血栓药物的有效性和安全性。这些发现促使人们关注非 COVID-19 呼吸道感染的血液学和血管并发症的预防和治疗。本综述重点介绍 COVID-19 的血液学和血管并发症，包括其病理生理学、临床表现和治疗。由于疾病性质的不断变化，该综述将以前的数据置于时间背景下，并为 COVID-19 和其他严重呼吸道感染的未来研究概述了潜在的下一步措施。
