Liu Yu, Ding Chengxiang, Li Xingfu, Su Derong, He Jing
College of Grassland, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China.
Front Microbiol. 2023 Mar 9;14:1134440. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1134440. eCollection 2023.
Recent studies have shown distinct soil microbial assembly patterns across taxonomic types, habitat types and regions, but little is known about which factors play a dominant role in soil microbial communities. To bridge this gap, we compared the differences in microbial diversity and community composition across two taxonomic types (prokaryotes and fungi), two habitat types (Artemisia and Poaceae) and three geographic regions in the arid ecosystem of northwest China. To determine the main driving factors shaping the prokaryotic and fungal community assembly, we carried out diverse analyses including null model, partial mantel test and variance partitioning analysis etc. The findings suggested that the processes of community assembly were more diverse among taxonomic categories in comparison to habitats or geographical regions. The predominant driving factor of soil microbial community assembly in arid ecosystem was biotic interactions between microorganisms, followed by environmental filtering and dispersal limitation. Network vertex, positive cohesion and negative cohesion showed the most significant correlations with prokaryotic and fungal diversity and community dissimilarity. Salinity was the major environmental variable structuring the prokaryotic community. Although prokaryotic and fungal communities were jointly regulated by the three factors, the effects of biotic interactions and environmental variables (both are deterministic processes) on the community structure of prokaryotes were stronger than that of fungi. The null model revealed that prokaryotic community assembly was more deterministic, whereas fungal community assembly was structured by stochastic processes. Taken together, these findings unravel the predominant drivers governing microbial community assembly across taxonomic types, habitat types and geographic regions and highlight the impacts of biotic interactions on disentangling soil microbial assembly mechanisms.
最近的研究表明，土壤微生物在分类类型、栖息地类型和区域间呈现出不同的组装模式，但对于哪些因素在土壤微生物群落中起主导作用却知之甚少。为了填补这一空白，我们比较了中国西北干旱生态系统中两种分类类型（原核生物和真菌）、两种栖息地类型（蒿属和禾本科）以及三个地理区域的微生物多样性和群落组成差异。为了确定影响原核生物和真菌群落组装的主要驱动因素，我们进行了多种分析，包括空模型、偏 Mantel 检验和方差分解分析等。研究结果表明，与栖息地或地理区域相比，分类类别间的群落组装过程更为多样。干旱生态系统中土壤微生物群落组装的主要驱动因素是微生物之间的生物相互作用，其次是环境过滤和扩散限制。网络节点、正凝聚性和负凝聚性与原核生物和真菌的多样性及群落差异显示出最显著的相关性。盐分是构建原核生物群落的主要环境变量。虽然原核生物和真菌群落受这三个因素共同调控，但生物相互作用和环境变量（两者均为确定性过程）对原核生物群落结构的影响强于真菌。空模型显示，原核生物群落组装更具确定性，而真菌群落组装则由随机过程构建。综上所述，这些发现揭示了跨分类类型、栖息地类型和地理区域控制微生物群落组装的主要驱动因素，并突出了生物相互作用对解析土壤微生物组装机制的影响。
