Department of Pharmacy of Zunyi Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Zunyi, Guizhou, P. R. China.
Department of Cardiovascular, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.
Heart Surg Forum. 2023 Mar 3;26(2):E148-E155. doi: 10.1532/hsf.5067.
Although the transplantation of tissue-engineered cardiac patches with adult bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can enhance cardiac function after acute or chronic myocardial infarction (MI), the recovery mechanism remains controversial. This experiment aimed to investigate the outcome measurements of MSCs within a tissue-engineered cardiac patch in a rabbit chronic MI model.
This experiment was divided into four groups: left anterior descending artery (LAD) sham-operation group (N = 7), sham-transplantation (control, N = 7), non-seeded patch group (N = 7), and MSCs-seeded patch group (N = 6). PKH26 and 5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) labeled MSCs-seeded or non-seeded patches were transplanted onto chronically infarct rabbit hearts. Cardiac function was evaluated by cardiac hemodynamics. H&E staining was performed to count the number of vessels in the infarcted area. Masson staining was used to observe cardiac fiber formation and to measure scar thickness.
Four weeks after transplantation, a remarkable improvement in cardiac functionality could be distinctly observed, which was most significant in the MSCs-seeded patch group. Moreover, labeled cells were detected in the myocardial scar, with most of them differentiated into myofibroblasts, some into smooth muscle cells, and only a few into cardiomyocytes in the MSCs-seeded patch group. We also observed significant revascularization in the infarct area implanted in either MSCs-seeded or non-seeded patches. In addition, there were significantly greater numbers of microvessels in the MSCs-seeded patch group than in the non-seeded patch group.
尽管将组织工程化的心脏补片与成人骨髓间充质干细胞（MSCs）移植可以增强急性或慢性心肌梗死（MI）后的心脏功能，但恢复机制仍存在争议。本实验旨在研究组织工程化心脏补片中 MSCs 在兔慢性 MI 模型中的结局测量。
本实验分为四组：左前降支（LAD）假手术组（N = 7）、假移植（对照组，N = 7）、非种子补片组（N = 7）和 MSC 种子补片组（N = 6）。PKH26 和 5-溴-2'-脱氧尿苷（BrdU）标记的 MSC 种子或非种子补片被移植到慢性梗死兔心脏。通过心脏血液动力学评估心脏功能。H&E 染色计数梗死区血管数量。Masson 染色观察心肌纤维形成并测量瘢痕厚度。
移植后 4 周，心脏功能明显改善，MSC 种子补片组最为显著。此外，在心肌瘢痕中检测到标记细胞，其中大部分分化为肌成纤维细胞，一些分化为平滑肌细胞，而 MSC 种子补片组中只有少数分化为心肌细胞。我们还观察到 MSC 种子或非种子补片植入的梗死区有明显的再血管化。此外，MSC 种子补片组的微血管数量明显多于非种子补片组。
