Department of Information Technology (INTEC), IDLab, Ghent University-imec, Ghent, 9052, Belgium.
Sci Rep. 2023 Mar 27;13(1):5000. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-32079-5.
As key enablers for smart fabric interactive textile (SFIT) systems, textile antenna systems and platforms need to be energy-efficient, low-profile and should guarantee a stable wireless body-centric communication link. Using multiple energy harvesters on and in the antenna platform is highly recommended to enable autonomous SFIT systems. Different sensors could be added to the system for monitoring the environmental and/or biophysical parameters of rescue workers, military personnel, and other safety workers. Therefore, a wearable coupled-quarter-mode (coupled-QM) substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) antenna with optimally, seamlessly integrated hybrid kinetic and ambient-light energy harvesters is proposed. Two QM cavities are coupled via a non-resonant slot to create a compact antenna covering the [2.4; 2.4835] GHz Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band. The antenna platform fully consists of textile materials, being protective rubber foam and copper taffeta, enabling its unobtrusive integration into protective clothing. A novel, compact way of deploying a kinetic energy harvester inside the substrate, combined with flexible power management electronics on the antenna feed plane and a flexible ambient-light photovoltaic cell on the antenna plane, is proposed. The integrated antenna platform exhibits a measured impedance bandwidth of 307 MHz, a radiation efficiency of 88.57% and maximum gain of 3.74 dBi at 2.45 GHz. Wearing the antenna platform around a person's wrist resulted in an average harvested power of 229.8 µW when walking in an illuminated room.
作为智能织物交互式纺织品 (SFIT) 系统的关键推动因素，纺织天线系统和平台需要具有节能、低轮廓的特点，并应保证稳定的无线体中心通信链路。强烈建议在天线平台上和平台中使用多个能量收集器，以实现自主的 SFIT 系统。可以向系统中添加不同的传感器，用于监测救援人员、军人和其他安全人员的环境和/或生物物理参数。因此，提出了一种具有优化、无缝集成混合动能和环境光能量收集器的可穿戴式四分之一模（耦合-QM）基片集成波导（SIW）天线。两个 QM 腔通过非共振槽耦合，创建一个紧凑的天线，覆盖 [2.4; 2.4835] GHz 工业、科学和医疗 (ISM) 频段。天线平台完全由纺织材料组成，包括防护橡胶泡沫和铜塔夫绸，可将其不显眼地集成到防护服中。提出了一种新颖的、紧凑的方法，将动能收集器内置在基板中，并在天线馈电平面上采用灵活的电源管理电子设备和天线平面上的柔性环境光光伏电池。集成天线平台在 2.45 GHz 时表现出 307 MHz 的测量阻抗带宽、88.57%的辐射效率和 3.74 dBi 的最大增益。当一个人在照明的房间里行走时，佩戴在手腕周围的天线平台平均可收集 229.8 µW 的功率。
