一项针对神经性贪食症女性患者自我同情与适应性应对行为的日常日记研究。
A daily diary study of self-compassion and adaptive coping behaviours in women with symptoms of bulimia nervosa.
作者信息
Katan Aleece, Kelly Allison C
机构信息
Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
出版信息
J Eat Disord. 2023 Mar 27;11(1):50. doi: 10.1186/s40337-023-00755-6.
BACKGROUND
Mental health is more than the absence of illness and includes the ability to cope adaptively with stress. To shed light on the factors that promote mental health in people with eating disorders, this daily diary study examined whether daily and trait levels of self-compassion predict adaptive coping behaviours in women with symptoms of bulimia nervosa (BN).
METHODS
Women (N = 124) who met the DSM-5 criteria for BN completed 2 weeks of nightly measures assessing their daily level of self-compassion and their daily adaptive coping behaviours, namely, their use of problem-solving strategies, seeking and receiving of instrumental social support, and seeking and receiving of emotional social support.
RESULTS
Multilevel modelling revealed that on days when self-compassion levels were higher than their personal mean level or than the preceding day's level, participants reported greater use of problem-solving strategies, greater seeking and receiving of instrumental social support, and greater receiving of emotional social support. Daily levels of self-compassion, but not increased self-compassion from the preceding day, were associated with emotional support sought. Further, higher trait self-compassion, as measured by participants' mean level of self-compassion over the 2 weeks, was associated with increased seeking and receiving of instrumental and emotional social support but not with problem-solving strategies. All models controlled for participants' daily and mean eating pathology over the 2 weeks, highlighting the unique contribution of self-compassion to adaptive coping behaviours.
CONCLUSIONS
Results suggest that self-compassion may help individuals with symptoms of BN cope with challenges in their daily life more adaptively, an integral component of positive mental health. The present study is among the first to suggest that the benefits of self-compassion for individuals with eating disorder symptoms may lie not only in facilitating reduced eating pathology, as evidenced by prior research, but also in promoting positive mental health. More broadly, findings underscore the potential value of interventions designed to build self-compassion in individuals with eating disorder symptoms.
背景
心理健康不仅仅是没有疾病，还包括能够适应性地应对压力。为了阐明促进饮食失调患者心理健康的因素，这项日常日记研究考察了自我同情的日常水平和特质水平是否能预测神经性贪食症（BN）症状女性的适应性应对行为。
方法
符合DSM-5标准的BN女性（N = 124）完成了为期2周的每晚测量，评估她们自我同情的日常水平以及日常适应性应对行为，即她们使用解决问题策略的情况、寻求和获得工具性社会支持的情况，以及寻求和获得情感性社会支持的情况。
结果
多层次模型显示，当自我同情水平高于个人平均水平或高于前一天的水平时，参与者报告更多地使用解决问题策略，更多地寻求和获得工具性社会支持，以及更多地获得情感性社会支持。自我同情的日常水平，而非较前一天增加的自我同情，与寻求的情感支持相关。此外，通过参与者在2周内的自我同情平均水平衡量的更高特质自我同情，与增加寻求和获得工具性及情感性社会支持相关，但与解决问题策略无关。所有模型都控制了参与者在2周内的日常和平均饮食病理学情况，突出了自我同情对适应性应对行为的独特贡献。
结论
结果表明，自我同情可能有助于患有BN症状的个体更适应性地应对日常生活中的挑战，这是积极心理健康的一个重要组成部分。本研究是首批表明自我同情对饮食失调症状个体的益处可能不仅在于促进饮食病理学症状减轻（如先前研究所证明），还在于促进积极心理健康的研究之一。更广泛地说，研究结果强调了旨在培养饮食失调症状个体自我同情的干预措施的潜在价值。
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