Sirois Fuschia M, Kitner Ryan, Hirsch Jameson K
Health and Well-being Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Bishop's University.
Laboratory of Rural Psychological and Physical Health, Department of Psychology, East Tennessee State University.
Health Psychol. 2015 Jun;34(6):661-9. doi: 10.1037/hea0000158. Epub 2014 Sep 22.
Emerging theory and research suggest that self-compassion promotes the practice of health behaviors, and implicates self-regulation as an explanatory factor. However, previous investigations focused only on behavior intentions or health risk behaviors, and did not investigate the role of emotions. This study expands on this research using a small-scale meta-analysis approach with our own data sets to examine the associations of self-compassion with a set of health-promoting behaviors, and test the roles of high positive affect and low negative affect as potential explanatory mechanisms.
Fifteen independent samples (N = 3,252) with correlations of self-compassion with the frequency of self-reported health-promoting behaviors (eating habits, exercise, sleep behaviors, and stress management) were meta-analyzed. Eight of these samples completed measures of positive and negative affect.
Self-compassion was positively associated with the practice of health-promoting behaviors across all 15 samples. The meta-analysis revealed a small effect size (average r = .25; p < .001) of self-compassion and health behaviors, with low variability. Tests of the indirect effects of self-compassion on health behaviors through positive and negative affect with multiple mediator analyses revealed small effects for each. Separate meta-analyses of the indirect effects (IE) were significant for positive (average IE = .08; p < .001) and negative affect (average IE = .06; p < .001), and their combined indirect effects (average IE = .15; p < .0001).
Self-compassion may be an important quality to cultivate for promoting positive health behaviors, due in part to its association with adaptive emotions.
新兴理论和研究表明，自我同情有助于促进健康行为的实践，并将自我调节作为一个解释因素。然而，以往的调查仅关注行为意图或健康风险行为，并未研究情绪的作用。本研究采用小规模元分析方法，利用我们自己的数据集扩展了这项研究，以检验自我同情与一系列促进健康行为之间的关联，并测试高积极情绪和低消极情绪作为潜在解释机制的作用。
对15个独立样本（N = 3252）进行元分析，这些样本涉及自我同情与自我报告的促进健康行为（饮食习惯、运动、睡眠行为和压力管理）频率之间的相关性。其中8个样本完成了积极和消极情绪的测量。
在所有15个样本中，自我同情与促进健康行为的实践呈正相关。元分析显示自我同情与健康行为之间的效应量较小（平均r = 0.25；p < 0.001），且变异性较低。通过多重中介分析对自我同情通过积极和消极情绪对健康行为的间接效应进行测试，结果显示每种效应都较小。对积极情绪（平均间接效应 = 0.08；p < 0.001）和消极情绪（平均间接效应 = 0.06；p < 0.001）的间接效应进行单独的元分析，以及它们的综合间接效应（平均间接效应 = 0.15；p < 0.0001）均具有统计学意义。
自我同情可能是促进积极健康行为的一个重要品质，部分原因在于它与适应性情绪的关联。
